Title page
Contents
Abstract 3
Acknowledgments 3
Summary 5
Overview 7
Major Economic Trends and Current Events 7
General Slowdown in Global Gross Domestic Product Growth 7
Global Inflation 8
Tighter Monetary Policy, Rising Global Interest Rates 9
War in Ukraine and Spillover Effects 9
Food Inflation and Commodity Prices 9
Environmental Concerns 11
Real Estate Crisis and Lockdown Reversal in China 11
Regional Projections 12
Gross Domestic Product and Per Capita GDP Projections 12
United States 12
High-Income Economies 13
Middle- and Low-Income Economies 15
Exchange Rate Projections 18
Inflation Projections 20
Population Projections 22
Conclusion 25
References 26
Appendix. Methodology for the International Macroeconomic Data Set 29
Figure 1. Annual real Gross Domestic Product growth by global region, 2003-2033 8
Figure 2. Crude oil price: Refiner's acquisition cost of imports, 2003-2033 11
Figure 3. Annual U.S. and world real Gross Domestic Product growth, 2003-2033 13
Figure 4. Annual Japan, Eurozone, and Canada real Gross Domestic Product growth, 2003-2033 14
Figure 5. Annual China and India real Gross Domestic Product growth, 2003-2033 16
Figure 6. Annual Russia and Ukraine real Gross Domestic Product growth, 2003-33 18
Figure 7. Select high-income countries, annual percent change in nominal exchange rates with the United States, 2003-2033 19
Figure 8. Select medium-income countries, annual percent change in nominal exchange rates with the United States, 2003-2033 20
Figure 9. Select high-income countries, annual Consumer Price Index growth, 2003-2033 21
Figure 10. Select middle-income countries, annual Consumer Price Index growth, 2003-2033 22
Figure 11. World and select high-income countries, annual population growth, 2003-2033 23
Figure 12. World and select middle-income countries, annual population growth, 2003-2033 24