Title page
Contents
Summary 4
1. Background and electoral system 8
1.1. Political system and main political parties 8
1.2. Lead up to the general election 2022-24 12
1.3. Influence of military and fragility of civilian rule 17
2. General election 21
2.1. Election campaign and party manifestos 21
2.2. Results 25
2.3. Aftermath and protests, claims of vote rigging 28
2.4. New coalition government agreed 32
2.5. PPP's Asif Ali Zardari elected President by parliament 34
2.6. Senate elections 35
3. What next for Pakistan? 38
3.1. Durability of the new government and the role of the military 38
3.2. Economic, security, and foreign policy challenges 40