Title page
Contents
Acknowledgements 4
1. Overview 7
2. African structural transformation in the context of climate change 9
2.1. The direct impacts of climate change on Africa 9
2.2. The indirect effects: geopolitics, unilateral policy measures and supply chain restructuring 10
2.3. "Green policy spillovers": subsidies and unilateral trade and regulatory measures 10
2.4. The 'race' to secure critical minerals 11
2.5. The "green squeeze" on African producers 12
3. Issues for Africa leading up to COP28 14
3.1. Outcomes of the Africa Climate Summit 14
3.2. Unmet financial commitments and a global financial architecture not fit for purpose 15
3.3. Proliferation of unilateral trade measures 16
4. What materialised from COP28 of trade-related relevance to the AfCFTA 19
4.1. Areas of Progress 19
4.2. Areas of more limited progress 22
5. Key AfCFTA-related issues towards COP29 24
5.1. Thought leadership on building climate-compatible value chains 25
5.2. Co-ordinating and articulating a common position on "green policy spillovers" 27
6. Recommendations 29
References 30