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Title page

Contents

Summary 4

1. Origins of the organisation 6

1.1. Origin of the terms 'BRICS' and the organisation 6

1.2. Structure 7

1.3. New criteria for membership 9

2. Financial institutions 12

2.1. New Development Bank (NDB) 12

2.2. Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) 15

2.3. Other potential financial initiatives 16

3. Purpose of the organisation and foreign policy priorities of five original members 18

3.1. Purpose 18

3.2. Brazil's priorities 19

3.3. China's priorities 21

3.4. India's priorities 24

3.5. Russia's priorities 26

3.6. South Africa's priorities 28

4. 2024 expansion and the 2024 Kazan summit 34

4.1. Perspectives of the new BRICS members 34

4.2. Potential future members 41

4.3. The 2024 Kazan summit 43

5. The future of the BRICS post-expansion 48

5.1. Does expansion mean more influence or less cohesion? 48

5.2. Are the BRICS becoming an 'anti-US' organisation? 49

초록보기

This briefing looks at what is the BRICS organisation, how it works, what its members (originally Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) have in common, the outcomes of the 2024 Kazan summit in Russia, and how its recent expansion (to include Ethiopia, Egypt, Iran, and the UAE) will affect the group