본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

전체메뉴

국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

목차보기

Title page 1

Contents 2

KEY TAKEAWAYS 1

INTRODUCTION 3

MERCANTILIST COUNTRY ANALYSIS 5

China 5

India 6

The European Union 7

INDICATOR ANALYSIS 10

Trade Balance in Goods and Information Services 10

Trade Restrictions 11

Simple Mean Tariff Rate for All Products 11

Non-Tariff Trade Barriers 12

Services Trade Restrictiveness Index 13

Taxes and Regulations 14

Digital Markets Act 14

Digital Services Tax 15

Presence of Digital Economy Fines on U.S. Companies 16

Extent of Pharmaceutical Price Controls 17

Antitrust Fines 18

Intellectual Property 19

USTR Special 301 Watch List 19

International IP Index 20

POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS 21

CONCLUSION 23

APPENDIX 1: METHODOLOGY 24

APPENDIX 2: DETAILED INDICATOR VALUES AND SCORES FOR ALL COUNTRIES 25

ENDNOTES 38

Figures 4

Figure 1. Overall scores of the worst- and best-performing nations in ITIF's Trade Imbalance Index 4

Figure 2. U.S. trade deficit with the EU 8

Figure 3. EU trade balance with the United States in goods industries, 2023 9

Figure 4. Trade balance of goods and IT services (2023) and weighted standardized scores (weight = 3.5) 10

Figure 5. Simple mean tariff rates for all products (raw values and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 11

Figure 6. NTBs (raw values and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 12

Figure 7. Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (raw values and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 13

Figure 8. DMA or similar law (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 14

Figure 9. DST (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 15

Figure 10. Presence of digital economy fines on U.S.-based companies (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 16

Figure 11. Extent of pharmaceutical price controls (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 17

Figure 12. Presence of antitrust fines (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 18

Figure 13. 2024 USTR special 301 watch list (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 0.75) 19

Figure 14. U.S. Chamber of Commerce's International IP Index (raw values and weighted standardized scores; weight = 0.75) 20

Figure 15. Overall scores in ITIF's Trade Imbalance Index 25

Figure 16. Trade balance of goods and IT services (2023) and weighted standardized scores (weight = 3.5) 26

Figure 17. Simple mean tariff rates for all products (raw values and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 27

Figure 18. NTBs (raw values and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 28

Figure 19. Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (raw values and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 29

Figure 20. DMA or similar law (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 30

Figure 21. DST (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 31

Figure 22. Presence of digital economy fines on U.S.-based companies (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 32

Figure 23. Extent of pharmaceutical price controls (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 33

Figure 24. Presence of antitrust fines (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 1) 34

Figure 25. 2024 USTR special 301 watch list (status and weighted standardized scores; weight = 0.75) 35

Figure 26. U.S. Chamber of Commerce's International IP Index (raw values and weighted standardized scores; weight = 0.75) 36

Appendix Tables 24

Table 1. Indicator weights in ITIF's Trade Imbalance Index 24