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Title page 1

Contents 3

Highlights 2

Letter 5

Background 9

Types and Costs of Electric Vehicle Chargers 9

Distribution of and Access to Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure 10

Roles in Developing Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure 12

Federal Grant Programs That Support Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure 14

Federal Agencies Working on Charging Infrastructure Followed Leading Practices for Collaboration 19

Stakeholders Cited Challenges to Implementing Federal Charging Infrastructure Programs, Which the Joint Office Has Sought to Address 22

Stakeholders Described Planning, Cost, and Other Challenges to Implementing Federal Charging Infrastructure Programs 22

The Joint Office Has Helped Stakeholders Advance Charging Infrastructure Through Information-Sharing and Coordination 25

The Joint Office Has Not Fully Implemented a Performance Management Framework to Assess Its Activities 27

FHWA Has Not Fully Implemented a Performance Management Framework for Its Charging Infrastructure Programs 31

Conclusions 36

Recommendations for Executive Action 37

Agency Comments 37

Appendix I: Objectives, Scope, and Methodology 39

Appendix II: GAO Contact and Staff Acknowledgments 44

Tables 3

Table 1. Assessment of Federal Interagency Collaboration to Advance Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure 20

Table 2. Assessment of Joint Office of Energy and Transportation (Joint Office) Efforts to Implement a Performance Management Framework 28

Table 3. Assessment of Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Efforts to Implement a Performance Management Framework for Federal Electric Vehicle Charging Programs 32

Table 4. Entities Interviewed by GAO 42

Figures 3

Figure 1. Charging Station Funded by the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Program in Richmond, Kentucky 16

Figure 2. Timeline of Selected Activities Related to the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Formula Program (NEVI) and the Charging and Fueling Infrastructure... 18