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기후변화는 이상기상, 장기적 환경변화를 통해 직간접적으로 정신건강에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 최근 기후변화에 대한 인식이 정신건강에 영향을 미치는 것으로 논의가 확장됨에 따라 기후불안에 대한 사회적 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 우리나라 성인의 기후불안 수준과 특성을 파악하고자 만 19~65세 성인 2,000명을 대상으로 온라인 조사를 실시하였다. 기후불안 척도(Climate Change Anxiety Scale)로 측정한 우리나라 성인의 기후불안 평균 점수는 5점 만점에 1.90점으로, 최근 국내외 연구들에서 보고한 수준과 유사하였다. 특히, 연령이 낮을수록 기후불안 점수가 높았다. 기후불안은 자기효능감을 매개로 환경친화적 행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 드러나, 기후불안이 환경친화적 행동으로 이어지고 있음을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 기후불안이 심각한 수준에 이르지 않는다면, 오히려 기후변화 대응에 관심을 가지고 참여할 수 있는 순기능으로 작용함을 확인하였다. 그러나, 기후불안을 적절하게 관리하지 못하면 병리학적 문제로 확대될 수 있으므로, 세대별 특성 등을 반영하여 효과적인 대응 방안을 모색해야 할 시점이다.
Climate change can affect mental health directly and indirectly through extreme weather events and long-term environmental changes. Recently, public interest in climate anxiety has increased as the discussion has broadened to include awareness of climate change affecting mental health. This study conducted an online survey targeting 2,000 adults aged 19-65 to determine the level and characteristics of climate anxiety among Korean adults. The average score of the Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CCAS) among Korean adults was 1.90 out of 5, which is similar to the level reported in recent studies. In particular, the younger the age, the higher the CCAS score. Climate anxiety was found to have a significant effect on pro-environmental behavior through self-efficacy, confirming that climate anxiety leads to pro-environmental behavior. This suggests that maintaining a moderate level of climate anxiety can positively motivate individuals to become interested in and engage with climate change action. However, if not properly managed, climate anxiety can escalate into a pathological problem, so it is time to explore effective interventions.번호 | 참고문헌 | 국회도서관 소장유무 |
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2 | 박승진, 최혜라, 최지혜, 김건우, 홍진표. (2010). 한글판 우울증 선별도구(Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9)의 신뢰도와 타당도. Anxiety and Mood, 6(2), pp.119-124. https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticle-SearchBean.artiId=ART001493301 | 미소장 |
3 | 손성원, 이혜미. (2022. 5. 26.). 기후위기 뉴스만 보면 우울해져요. 한국일보. https://m.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/A2022052309130003537?rPrev=A2022070509430000453에서 2024. 1. 15. 인출 | 미소장 |
4 | 윤지로. (2022.6.23.). ‘기후 위기’ 걱정하는 Z세대?… “알고는 있지만 관심은 없어요” [연중기획-지구의 미래]. 세계일보. https://m.segye.com/view/20220622521436에서 2023. 5. 17. 인출 | 미소장 |
5 | 이현주, 곽윤경, 전지현. (2020). 한국의 사회적 불안과 사회보장의 과제: 청· 중년의 사회적 불안. 세종: 한국보건사회연구원. | 미소장 |
6 | 장수경. (2022. 7. 16.). 방치할 수 없는 ‘기후우울’ MZ세대가 더 많이 아팠다. 한겨레. https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/society/environment/1051160.html에서 2024. 1. 15. 인출 | 미소장 |
7 | 질병관리청. (2022. 3. 22.). 제1차 기후보건영향평가 결과보고서 발간[보도자료]. 질병관리청 미래질병대비과. https://www.kdca.go.kr/board/board.es?mid=a20501020000&bid=0015&list_no=719063&cg_code=C01&act=view&nPage=100에서 2023. 10. 3. 인출 | 미소장 |
8 | 채수미, 권영대, 김동진, 이상영, 서제희, 김대은 등. (2018). 기후변화로 인한 건강영향평가(기후보건영향평가) 및 실태조사 방안 연구. 오송: 질병관리본부. 세종: 한국보건사회연구원. | 미소장 |
9 | 채수미, 윤강재, 고든솔, 백주하, 신지영, 정휘철 등. (2022). 기후보건영향평가 운영체계 및 발전방안 연구. 오송: 질병관리청. 세종: 한국보건사회연구원. | 미소장 |
10 | 통계청. (2023). 사회조사. 기후변화 불안도. https://www.index.go.kr/unify/idx-info.do?idxCd=8071에서 2023. 5. 17. 인출 | 미소장 |
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12 | Bingley, W. J., Tran, A., Boyd, C. P., Gibson, K., Kalokerinos, E. K., & Koval, P. (2022). A multiple needs framework for climate change anxiety interventions. American Psychologist, 77(7), pp.812-821. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001012. | 미소장 |
13 | Bourque, F., Willox, A. C. (2014). Climate change: the next challenge for public mental health?. Int Rev Psychiatry, 26(4), pp.415-422. doi: https://doi.org/10.3109/09540261.2014.925851. | 미소장 |
14 | Bratu, A., Card, K. G., Closson, K., Aran, N., Marshall, C., & Clayton, S. (2022). The 2021 Western North American heat dome increased climate change anxiety among British Columbians: Results from a natural experiment. The Journal of Climate Change and Health, 6(100116), pp.1-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joclim.2022.100116. | 미소장 |
15 | Carman, J. P., Zint, M. T. (2020). Defining and classifying personal and household climate change adaptation behaviors. Global Environmental Change, 61(102062), pp.1-14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102062. | 미소장 |
16 | Cissé, G. R., McLeman, H., Adams, P., Aldunce, K., Bowen, D., & Campbell-Lendrum, S. et al. (2022). Climate Change 2022:Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA. | 미소장 |
17 | Clayton, S. (2020). Climate anxiety: Psychological responses to climate change. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 74(102263), pp.1-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102263. | 미소장 |
18 | Clayton, S., Karazsia, B. T. (2020). Development and validation of a measure of climate change anxiety. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 69(101434), pp.1-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101434. | 미소장 |
19 | Clemens, V., von Hirschhausen, E., & Fegert, J. M. (2022). Report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change: implications for the mental health policy of children and adolescents in Europe - a scoping review. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, pp.701-713. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01615-3. | 미소장 |
20 | General Self-Efficacy Scale (n.d.). Korean Adaptation of the General Self-Efficacy Scale. http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~health/selfscal.htm에서 2023. 5. 10. 인출. | 미소장 |
21 | Gifford, E., Gifford, R. (2016). The largely unacknowledged impact of climate change on mental health. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 72(5), pp.292-297. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00963402.2016.1216505. | 미소장 |
22 | Hajek, A., König, H. H. (2022). Climate anxiety in Germany. Public Health., 212, pp.89-94. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2022.09.007. | 미소장 |
23 | Heeren, A., Mouguiama-Daouda, C., & Contreras, A. (2022). On climate anxiety and the threat it may pose to daily life functioning and adaptation: A study among European and African French-speaking participants. Climatic Change, 173(15), pp.1-17. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-022-03402-2. | 미소장 |
24 | Hickman, C., Marks, E., Pihkala, P., Clayton, S., Lewandowski, R. E., & Mayall, E. E. (2021). Climate anxiety in children and young people and their beliefs about government responses to climate change: a global survey. Lancet Planet Health, 5(12), pp.e863-e873. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00278-3. | 미소장 |
25 | Innocenti, M., Santarelli, G., Lombardi, G. S., Ciabini, L., Zjalic, D., & Di Russo, M. (2023). How Can Climate Change Anxiety Induce Both Pro-Environmental Behaviours and Eco-Paralysis? The Mediating Role of General Self-Efficacy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), pp.1-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043085. | 미소장 |
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28 | Jang, S. J., Chung, S. J., & Lee, H. (2023). Validation of the climate change anxiety scale for Korean adults. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 2023, pp.1-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9718834. | 미소장 |
29 | Larionow, P., Sołtys, M., Izdebski, P., Mudło-Głagolska, K., Golonka, J., & Demski, M. (2022). Climate change anxiety assessment: The psychometric properties of the Polish version of the climate anxiety scale. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(870392), pp.1-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.870392. | 미소장 |
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31 | Ojala, M. (2013). Coping with climate change among adolescents: Implications for subjective well-being and environmental engagement. Sustainability, 5(5), pp.2191-2209. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su5052191. | 미소장 |
32 | Ojala, M., Bengtsson, H. (2019). Young people’s coping strategies concerning climate change: Relations to perceived communication with parents and friends and proenvironmental behavior. Environment and Behavior, 51(8), pp.907-935. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916518763894. | 미소장 |
33 | Pihkala, P. (2020). Anxiety and the ecological crisis: An analysis of eco-anxiety and climate anxiety. Sustainability, 12(19), pp.1-20. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12197836. | 미소장 |
34 | Reyes, M. E. S., Carmen, B. P. B., Luminarias, M. E. P., Mangulabnan, S. A. N. B., & Ogunbode, C. A. (2021). An investigation into the relationship between climate change anxiety and mental health among Gen Z Filipinos. Current Psychology, 42(9), pp.7448-7456. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02099-3. | 미소장 |
35 | Sarrasin, O., Henry, J. L. A., Masserey, C., & Graff, F. (2022). The relationships between adolescents’ climate anxiety, efficacy beliefs, group dynamics, and pro-environmental behavioral intentions after a group-based environmental education intervention. Youth, 2(3), pp.422-440. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/youth2030031. | 미소장 |
36 | Schawbel, D. (2016). Meet the next wave of workers who are taking over your office. https://www.cnbc.com/2016/08/31/after-millennials-comes-gen-z-meet-the-next-wave-of-workers-that-are-taking-over-your-office-commentary.html?fbclid=IwAR2RC3nADmkweukbJnG2Iq3fpQ_DN5atqlIM502AFmT3ZjaRGJ-ceU8Csfsdptj에서 2023. 3. 15. 인출 | 미소장 |
37 | Schwartz, S. E. O., Benoit, L., Clayton, S., Parnes, M. F., Swenson, L., & Lowe, S. R. (2022). Climate change anxiety and mental health: Environmental activism as buffer. Current Psychology, 42(3), pp.16708-16721. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02735-6. | 미소장 |
38 | Simon, P. D., Pakingan, K. A., & Aruta, J. J. B. R. (2022). Measurement of climate change anxiety and its mediating effect between experience of climate change and mitigation actions of Filipino youth. Educational and Developmental Psychologist, 39(1), pp.17-27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/20590776.2022.2037390. | 미소장 |
39 | Stanley, S. K., Hogg, T. L., Leviston, Z., & Walker, I. (2021). From anger to action: Differential impacts of eco-anxiety, ecodepression, and eco-anger on climate action and wellbeing. The Journal of Climate Change and Health, 1(100003), pp.1-5. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joclim.2021.100003. | 미소장 |
40 | Stevenson, K., Peterson, N. (2016). Motivating action through fostering climate change hope and concern and avoiding despair among adolescents. Sustainability, 8(6), pp.1-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su8010006. | 미소장 |
41 | Tam, K. P., Chan, H. W., & Clayton, S. (2023). Climate change anxiety in China, India, Japan, and the United States. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 87(12), pp.1-14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.101991. | 미소장 |
42 | Verplanken, B., Marks, E., & Dobromir, A. I. (2020). On the nature of eco-anxiety: How constructive or unconstructive is habitual worry about global warming?. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 72(101528), pp.1-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101528. | 미소장 |
43 | Whitmarsh, L., Player, L., Jiongco, A., James, M., Williams, M., & Marks, E. (2022). Climate anxiety: What predicts it and how is it related to climate action?. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 83(101866), pp.1-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2022.101866. | 미소장 |
44 | World Economic Forum (2024). The global risks report 2024. | 미소장 |
45 | Wullenkord, M. C., Tröger, J., Hamann, K. R. S., Loy, L. S., & Reese, G. (2021). Anxiety and climate change: a validation of the Climate Anxiety Scale in a German‑speaking quota sample and an investigation of psychological correlates. Climatic Change, 168(20), pp.1-23. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-021-03234-6. | 미소장 |
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