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Abstract

목차

Ⅰ. 서론 15

1. 연구배경 및 필요성 15

2. 연구지역의 자연환경 19

2-1. 지형 및 지질 19

2-2. 강우량 및 하천현황 20

2-3. 해황 및 해지지형 21

3. 지하수의 부존형태 및 특성 24

3-1. 지하수의 부존형태 및 원리 24

3-2. 담수와 염수 경계면의 물리적 특성 31

4. 연구목적 및 범위 33

Ⅱ. 재료 및 방법 36

1. 조사해역 및 시료채취 방법 36

1-1. 조사해역의 선정배경 36

1-2. 시료채취 방법 40

2. 연구방법 53

2-1. 영양염류 및 주요이온 분석 53

2-2. 방사성 동위원소 분석 54

Ⅲ. 결과 및 고찰 56

1. 해저 지하수의 유출량 산정 56

1-1. 제주지역의 물수지 현황 56

1-2. 해저 지하수의 유출속도 58

1-3. 해저 담지하수의 유출량 및 해수의 재순환량 산정 63

2. 영양염류 및 방사성 동위원소의 농도분포 특성과 해저 유출량 산정 71

2-1. 지하해수, 용출수, 간극수의 주요이온 농도 분포 특성 71

2-2. 영양염류 및 방사성 동위원소의 농도 분포 특성 83

2-3. 담지하수 및 재순환 해수의 유출에 의한 영양염류 및 228Ra, 226Ra의 해저 유출량 산정 104

3. 방두만 해역에서 영양염류의 물질수지 산정 111

3-1. 해양화학적 특성 111

3-2. 영양염류의 물질수지 산정 116

Ⅳ. 종합결론 131

Ⅴ. 결론요약 134

Ⅵ. 참고문헌 136

Ⅶ. 감사의 글 154

표목차

Table 1. Summary of sampling datas of coastal seawater, ground-seawater, springwate, porewater, and fish farms discharge for measuring of nutrients and Ra isotopes 41

Table 2. Location of sampling ground-seawater in Jeju Island 42

Table 3. Location of sampling springwater in Jeju Island 43

Table 4. Location of sampling porewater in Jeju Island 44

Table 5. Location of sampling coastal seawater in Jeju Island 45

Table 6. Location of sites mesured for seepage rates in Jeju Island 46

Table 7. Location of the sampling site for analysis of seawater, porewater, and fish farms discharge in the Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 47

Table 8. Summary of analytical method for temperature, salinity, nutrients, major ions, radionuclides and seepage rate 55

Table 9. Results of seepage rates in the eastern and western areas of Jeju Island 61

Table 10. Results of submarine discharge of fresh-groundwater and recirculating seawater in the eastern and western areas of Jeju Island 65

Table 11. The average concentrations of major cations and anions in ground-seawater of Jeju Island 79

Table 12. The average concentrations of major cations and anions in springwater of Jeju Island 80

Table 13. The average concentrations of major cations and anions in porewater of Jeju Island 81

Table 14. The average concentrations of major cations and anions in coastal seawater of Jeju Island 82

Table 15. The average concentrations of nutrients in ground-seawater of Jeju Island 92

Table 16. The average concentrations of nutrients in springwater of Jeju Island 93

Table 17. The average concentrations of nutrients in proewater of Jeju Island 94

Table 18. The average concentrations of nutrients in coastal seawater of Jeju Island 95

Table 19. The activities of 228Ra, 226Ra and 222Rn in ground-seawater of Jeju Island 102

Table 20. The activties of 228Ra, 226Ra and 222Rn in springwater of Jeju Island 102

Table 21. The activties of 222Rn in porewater of Jeju Island 103

Table 22. The activties of 228Ra, 226Ra and 222Rn in coastal seawater of Jeju Island 103

Table 23. The submarine fluxes of DIN, DIP, SiO₂, 228Ra and 226Ra by fresh-groundwater discharge in the eastern and western areas of Jeju Island 108

Table 24. The submarine fluxes of DIN, DIP, SiO₂, 228Ra and 226Ra by recirculating seawater discharge in the eastern and western areas of Jeju Island 109

Table 25. The concentrations of nutrients in seawaters in the Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 117

Table 26. The concentrations of nutrients in porewater in the Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 118

Table 27. The average concentrations of nutrients in porewater, seawater, and, fish farms discharge in the Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 119

Table 28. The fluxes and concentrations used to calaulate the mass balance of nutrients in the Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 127

Table 29. The result of mass balance of nutrients the Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 128

그림목차

Fig 1. Schematic diagram showing the processes associated with the discharge of submarine groundwater 18

Fig 2. Monthly variation of average precipitation in Jeju, Seogwipo, Gosan and Seongsan from 1998 to 2002 22

Fig 3. Schematic diagram showing basal groundwater, parabasal groundwater and high level groundwater in Jeju Island(KWRC, 1993) 27

Fig 4. Principle of the Ghyben - Herzberg theory (KWRC, 1993) 30

Fig 5. Schematic diagram of transition zone between basal groundwater and seawater 32

Fig 6. A map showing sites measured for seepage rates and sampling ground-seawater, springwater, porewater, coastal seawater and seepage rates occurring on the coast of Jeju Island 37

Fig 7. A map showing sampling sites for nutrient mass balance in Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 38

Fig 8. Measurement principle (A) and manual seepage meter (B) used for measuring of groundwater discharge rate 49

Fig 9. A picture showing the discharge wolume of submarine groundwater obtained using manual seepage meter during 20minutes at Sinyang beach of Jeju Island 50

Fig 10. Schematic diagram showing the experiment setup for the RAD-7 exchanger continuous radon-in-water monitor 52

Fig 11. Water balance in Jeju Island. Reported to total precipitation 3.38x10^9 m/yr. surace runoff 0.63x10^9 m/yr, evaporation 1.26x10^9 m/yr and groundwater recharge 1.49x10^9 ㎥/vr. respectivelv (KWRC.1993) 57

Fig 12. The horizontal variations of seepage rates determined using manual seepage meters are shown as a bar, scaled proportional to the indexed rate of 50 m/yr 60

Fig 13. A comparison of average seepage rates on the coastal shore from the various environment 62

Fig 14. Submarine discharge of fresh-groundwater (A) and recirculated seawater (B) in the eastern and western area of Jeju Island 64

Fig 15. Schematic diagram showing the water cycle in Jeju Island 69

Fig 16. Concentrations of major cations and anions in coastal seawater, ground-seawater, springwater, and porewater off Jeju Island 74

Fig 17. Correlations between major ions and chlorine ion in ground-seawater(▲), springwater(●), porewater(■), and coastal seawater(X) in Jeju Island 77

Fig 18. The concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in porewater, springwater, ground-seawater, and coastal seawater in Jeju Island 85

Fig 19. The concentrations of dissolved inorganic phosphate in porewater, ground-seawater, and coastal seawater in Jeju Island 88

Fig 20. The concentrations of silicate in porewater, springwater, ground-seawater, and coastal seawater in Jeju Island 90

Fig 21. The activities of 228Ra in springwater, ground-seawater, and coastal seawater of Jeju Island 98

Fig 22. The activities of 226Ra in springwater, ground-seawater, and coastal seawater of Jeju Island 99

Fig 23. The activities of 222Rn of springwater, ground-seawater, and porewater in Jeju Island 100

Fig 24. The fluxes of DIN, DIP, SiO₂, 228Ra and 226Ra through submarine fresh-groundwater discharge in the eastern and western areas of Jeju Island 105

Fig 25. The fluxes of DIN, DIP, SiO₂, 228Ra and 226Ra through discharge of recirculated seawater in the eastern and western areas of Jeju Island 107

Fig 26. The concentrations of nutrients in seawater from Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 112

Fig 27. The concentrations of nutrients in porewater from Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 114

Fig 28. The average concentrations of nutrients in porewater, seawater and fish farms discharge in the Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 115

Fig 29. A one-box model used for calculating nutrients mass balance in Bangdu bay, Jeju Island (SGD : Submarine groundwater discharge) 121

Fig 30. Influx of nutrients from fish farms discharge and submarine discharge in the Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 125

Fig 31. Correlation of primary production in the Jeju coast and Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 129

Fig 32. A picture showing the surplus of plant biomass (green laver) by eutrophication of Bangdu bay, Jeju Island 130

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