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I. 서론 10
II. 연구사 14
III. 재료 및 방법 17
3.1. 공시재료 17
3.2. 실험방법 18
3.2.1. 전처리 공정 18
3.2.2. 표백공정 20
3.2.3. 기존 약품공정 21
3.3.4. 알파셀룰로오스(α-cellulose) 측정 22
3.3.5. 점도(Viscosity) 측정 22
3.3.6. 금속이온(Metal ion)함량 측정 23
3.3.7. 백색도(Brightness) 측정 24
3.3.8. 결정화도(Crystallinity) 측정 25
IV. 결론 및 고찰 27
4.1. 점도(Viscosity) 27
4.2. 알파셀룰로오스(α-cellulose) 34
4.3. 금속이온(Metal ion) 38
4.3.1. Cu 함량 38
4.3.2. Fe 함량 41
4.3.3. Mg 함량 43
4.4. 백색도(Brightness) 46
4.5. 결정화도(Crystallinity) 50
4.5.1. 평량에 따른 결정화도 50
4.5.2. 결정화도 51
V. 결론 55
참고문헌 58
ABSTRACT 61
Figure. 1. Lyocell production process flowsheet. 11
Figure. 2. Expected scenario of electron beam application. 12
Figure. 3. Cotton linter and lint. 17
Figure. 4. IR dyeing machine. 19
Figure. 5. Flow diagram of cotton linter treatment. 21
Figure. 6. MDS (Milestone, Italy) and ICP-AES (Perkin-Elmer, USA). 24
Figure. 7. Color touch2 (Technidyne, USA) 24
Figure. 8. X-ray Diffractometer (PANalytical, Netherlands). 26
Figure. 9. The Viscosity of 1st cut linter(a) and 2nd cut linter(b) for mill... 28
Figure. 10. The Viscosity of 1st cut linter for electron beam pretreatment. 29
Figure. 11. The Viscosity of 2nd cut linter for electron beam pretreatment. 30
Figure. 12. The Viscosity of 1st cut linter for sulfuric acid pretreatment 31
Figure. 13. The viscosity of 1st cut linter for sulfuric acid pretreatment 32
Figure. 14. The viscosity of 2nd cut linter for sulfuric acid pretreatment 33
Figure. 15. The α-cellulose contents of 1st cut linter(a) and 2nd cut... 35
Figure. 16. The α-cellulose contents of 1st cut linter(a) and 2nd cut... 36
Figure. 17. The α-cellulose contents of 1st cut linter(a) and 2nd cut... 37
Figure. 18. Cu ion content for mill chemical treatments. 39
Figure. 19. Cu ion content for electron beam pretreatment. 39
Figure. 20. Cu ion content for sulfuric acid pretreatment. (a) : Including... 40
Figure. 21. Fe ion content for mill chemical treatments. 41
Figure. 22. Fe ion content for electron beam pretreatment. 42
Figure. 23. Fe ion content for sulfuric acid pretreatment including control. 42
Figure. 24. Fe ion content for sulfuric acid pretreatment excluding... 43
Figure. 25. Mg ion content for chemical treatments. 44
Figure. 26. Mg ion content electron beam pretreatment. 44
Figure. 27. Mg ion content for sulfuric acid pretreatment (a) : Including... 45
Figure. 28. The brightness of 1st cut linter(a) and 2nd cut linter(b) for... 47
Figure. 29. The brightness of 1st cut linter(a) and 2nd cut linter(b) for... 48
Figure. 30. The brightness of 1st cut linter(a) and 2nd cut linter(b) for... 49
Figure. 31. The crystallinity of 1st cut linter according to basis weight. 50
Figure. 32. The crystallinity of 1st cut linter(a) and 2nd cut linter(b) for... 52
Figure. 33. The crystallinity of 1st cut linter(a) and 2nd cut linter(b) for... 53
Figure. 34. The crystallinity of 1st cut linter(a) and 2nd cut linter(b) for... 54
Figure. 35. Bleaching chemical dosage according to treatment process. 55
Figure. 36. The relationship between Cu ion contents and brightness... 56
Figure. 37. The relationship between Fe ion contents and brightness... 57
초록보기
Lyocell obtained from the wood pulp by using the environment-friendly solvent, NMMO, is one of the highest quality regenerated cellulosic fabrics. In this study, cotton linter is used as the raw material instead of wood pulp because of its high resistability against fabric fibrillation over wood pulp. Cotton linter has more than 90% α-cellulose contents and high degree of polymerization (DP). To be dissolved in NMMO with ease, lowering DP is essential. In the present research, cotton linter pre-treatment methods for lowering its DP using electron beam, sulfuric acid, and the conventional chemical process were compared in the respects of their DP lowering ability and changes of α-cellulose contents, brightness, metal ion contents and crystallinity.
By treating the cotton linter with electron beam or sulfuric acid before bleaching, the use of chemicals for conventional chemical process such as sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide were saved greatly. In case of electron beam process, repetitive application of low beam energy enabled to control the DP minutely. When electron beam dose became high, cellulose crystallinity decreased.
Sulfuric acid process lowered the DP of cotton linter at low dosage and effectively remove Cu and Fe ions, which are detrimental for cellulose to be dissolved in NMMO, and which decompose hydrogen peroxide in bleaching process. Cellulose crystallinity increased by using more sulfuric acid. As for α-cellulose contents, conventional chemical method gave the highest, electron beam next, and sulfuric acid the last.
From the results, it was concluded that cotton linter pre-treatment enabled to reduce the chemical dosages of the conventional methods and to control cotton linter DP easily. Sulfuric acid pre-treatment seems to be the most effective way to reduce DP, to increase brightness, and to lower the metal ion contents.MARC 보기
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