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Title Page

Contents

1. Introduction 9

2. Materials and methods 13

2.1. Chemicals 13

2.2. Plant materials 13

2.3. Cultivation of Chinese cabbage and kale 14

2.3.1. Cultivation with different culture media 14

2.3.2. Cultivation under different light emitting diode (LED) lights 16

2.4. HPLC analysis of glucosinolates 16

2.5. LC-ESI-MS/MS for the identification of glucosinolates 19

2.6. Total polyphenol analysis 19

2.7. Total flavonoid analysis 20

2.8. Antioxidant assays 20

2.8.1. DPPH radical scavenging assay 20

2.8.2. Superoxide dismutase 21

2.9. Statistical analysis 22

3. Results and discussion 23

3.1. Identification of glucosinolates 23

3.2. Glucosinolates with different culture media 25

3.3. Glucosinolates under different LED lights 34

3.4. Total polyphenols 44

3.5. Total flavonoids 46

3.6. Antioxidant assays 48

3.6.1. DPPH radical scavenging assay 48

3.6.2. Superoxide dismutase 50

3.7. Correlation coefficient 52

4. Conclusion 53

5. References 54

국문초록 61

Appendix A. (제목없음) 63

List of Tables

Table 1. Compositions of standard nutrient solutions of Horticultural... 15

Table 2. Glucosinolates identified in Chinese cabbage and kale 24

Table 3. Glucosinolate contents (µmol g-1 DW) in Chinese cabbage ('Chun Gwang', 'CR Ha Gwang') with...(이미지참조) 30

Table 4. Glucosinolate contents (µmol g-1 DW) in kale ('Kale TBC', 'Man Choo Collard') with different culture...(이미지참조) 32

Table 5. Glucosinolate contents (µmol g-1 DW) in Chinese cabbage ('Chun Gwang', 'CR Ha Gwang') under...(이미지참조) 40

Table 6. Glucosinolate contents (µmol g-1 DW) in kale ('Kale TBC', 'Man Choo Collard') under different LED...(이미지참조) 42

Table 7. Correlation of glucosinolate contents and antioxidant activities... 52

List of Figures

Fig. 1. General structure of glucosinolates. 9

Fig. 2. HPLC chromatograms of glucosinolates at 42 DAS in Chinese... 28

Fig. 3. HPLC chromatograms of glucosinolates at 42 DAS in kale ('Kale... 29

Fig. 4. Total glucosinolates divided into three groups at 42 DAS in... 31

Fig. 5. Total glucosinolates divided into three groups at 42 DAS in kale... 33

Fig. 6. HPLC chromatograms of glucosinolates at 44 DAS in Chinese... 38

Fig. 7. HPLC chromatograms of glucosinolates at 44 DAS in kale ('Kale... 39

Fig. 8. Total glucosinolates divided into three groups at 44 DAS in... 41

Fig. 9. Total glucosinolates divided into three groups at 44 DAS in kale... 43

Fig. 10. Total polyphenols in Chinese cabbage ('CR Ha Gwang') and... 45

Fig. 11. Total flavonoids in Chinese cabbage ('CR Ha Gwang') and kale... 47

Fig. 12. DPPH radical scavenging activity of Chinese cabbage ('CR Ha... 49

Fig. 13. Superoxide dismutase activity of Chinese cabbage ('CR Ha... 51

초록보기

 배추과 채소인 배추 (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis)와 케일 (B. oleracea L. var. acephala)를 서로 다른 생육 배지 3종 (토양, 상토, 버미큘라이트)와 LED 광원 (Red, Blue, Red+Blue LED 광원)을 이용하여 글루코시놀레이트 (glucosinolates, GSLs) 함량과 항산화 활성 변화를 조사하였다. 배추 ('Chun Gwang', 'CR Ha Gwang')와 케일 ('Kale TBC', 'Man Choo Collard')로부터 총 11종 (progoitrin, glucoraphanin, sinigrin, glucoalyssin, gluconapoleiferin, gluconapin, glucobrassicanapin, glucobrassicin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin, gluconasturtiin, neoglucobrassicin)의 GSLs 를 동정하였다. 배지별 배추, 케일 내 총 GSL 함량 범위는 각각 0.30-25.07, 2.30-30.37 μmol g-1 DW 로 생육단계별로 차이가 크게 나타났다. 배추, 케일 내 GSLs 중 항암효과가 높은 것으로 알려진 총 indolyl GSLs 의 함량은 'CR Ha Gwang' (토양, 5.37; 버미큘라이트, 3.34; 상토, 2.17) > 'Chun Gwang' (5.13, 1.81, 3.68 μmol g-1 DW); 'Kale TBC' (5.33, 4.99, 2.59) > 'Man Choo Collard' (2.95, 2.39, 1.94 μmol g-1 DW)로 나타났다. LED 광원별 배추, 케일 내 총 GSL 함량 범위는 각각 0.62-5.93, 0.74-21.36 μmol g-1 DW 로 나타났다. 총 indolyl GSL 함량은 'CR Ha Gwang' (Red, 2.01; Blue, 2.52; Red+Blue LED 광원, 2.21) > 'Chun Gwang' (1.43, 3.14, 1.59 μmol g-1 DW); 'Kale TBC' (7.63, 5.53, 1.42) > 'Man Choo Collard' (10.39, 5.78, 1.67 μmol g-1 DW)로 나타났다. 배지별, LED 광원별 배추, 케일 내 GSL 분석결과를 바탕으로 'CR Ha Gwang', 'Kale TBC'를 선발하여 항산화 활성 (DPPH, SOD)을 측정하였다. 그 결과, 양성 대조군인 ascorbic acid 의 DPPH 라디칼 저해능 96.6%와 비교하여 'CR Ha Gwang' (평균 75.8), 'Kale TBC' (79.9%) 비교적 높은 DPPH 라디칼 저해능을 나타냈다. 그러나 총 GSLs, 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드 함량과 각 항산화 활성 간의 상관관계는 낮은 것으로 나타났다.