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동의어 포함
Title Page
GENERAL ABSTRACT
Contents
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 12
GENERAL INTRODUCTION 13
REFERENCES 15
CHAPTER I. Evidence of genome duplication revealed by sequence analysis of multi-loci expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat bands in Panax ginseng Meyer 18
ABSTACT 19
INTRODUCTION 20
MATERIAL AND METHODS 22
Sample preparation and preliminary PCR 22
Sequencing of each individual band among multiple bands 22
Sequence analysis and design of locus-specific primer for gm47n marker 23
RESULTS 24
Separation and re-amplification of individual bands 24
Sequence comparison of Band-A and Band-B 26
Locus-specific PCR amplification for the gm47n marker 30
DISCUSSION 33
PCR amplification of two paralogous loci derived from genome duplication in P. ginseng 33
Sequence variation between paralogous bands 34
Additional artifact bands are caused by coexistence of two paralogous bands 34
Development of locus-specific markers and future application 35
REFERENCES 37
CHAPTER II. Micro-collinearity within Panax ginseng genome sequences resulted from two rounds of whole genome duplication 41
ABSTRACT 42
INTRODUCTION 44
MATERIAL AND METHODS 46
Plant material and extraction of DNA and RNA 46
Genome sequencing, assembly and repeat masking 47
Transcriptome sequencing and assembly 47
Selection of homoeologous scaffolds and comparative analysis 48
Gene annotation and expression profiling of homoeologous scaffolds 48
Development of STS markers in micro-collinearity blocks 49
RESULTS 51
Genome sequence and transcriptome assembly 51
Identification of homoeologous scaffolds from draft sequence 54
Annotation of the homoeologous scaffold sequences 58
Comparative analysis of the homoeologous scaffold sequences 60
Paralogous gene pairs and its divergence in four paralogous blocks 71
Expression profiles of paralogous gene pairs 74
Designing locus-specific SNP markers 78
DICUSSIONS 81
REFERENCES 87
APPENDIX 93
국문초록 104
Figure 1-1. Band profiles of the gm47n SSR marker using genomic DNA and... 25
Figure 1-2. Multiple sequence alignment of eluted bands derived from different... 28
Figure 1-3. PCR amplification with the gm47n Band-B locus-specific primer. 31
Figure 1-4. Application of locus-specific primer of the gm47n marker into F2... 32
Figure 2-1. Phylogenetic analysis of 10 putative genes encoding CYP716A47... 56
Figure 2-2. Mimetic diagram of "zig-zag" extension of scaffolds using dot-plot... 63
Figure 2-3. Comparative analysis of four homoeologous blocks in ginseng. 65
Figure 2-4. Micro-collinearity of four blocks and frequency distribution of Ks... 72
Figure 2-5. Digital expression profiles and clustering of nine homeologous gene... 77
Figure 2-6. Development of STS markers and application to F₂ population. 80
Figure 2-7. Evolution model of the ginseng genome and its relatives. 86
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