표제지

목차

I. 서론 7

1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 7

2. 연구의 방법 및 범위 8

II. 중국의 농산물 수출 현황분석 및 이론적 고찰 10

1. 농산물 관련 무역 현황 10

1) 세계 농산물 현황 10

2) 중국 농산물 현황 11

3) 중국 농산물 수출구조 13

4) 요약 23

2. 무역구조 분석 이론 23

1) 비교 우위 이론 23

2) 상호 수요 이론 24

3) 요소 이론 25

4) 수요 선호유의성 이론 26

3. 중국내외 선행연구 27

1) 중국국외 연구 상황 27

2) 중국국내 연구 상황 28

3) 연구 요약 30

III. 중국 농산품 수출 무역 구조의 영향요소 분석 31

1. 중국 농산품 수출 총액 구조의 영향요소 분석 31

1) 수요 증가 31

2) 중국 농업 생산량 향상 35

2. 중국 농산물 수출 제품 구조에 영향을 미치는 요소 분석 37

1) 풍부한 자원 상황 37

2) 농산물 품질 38

3) 생산 원가 요소 39

4) 농산물 경쟁력 수준에 대한 전체적인 평가 39

3. 중국 농산물 수출 시장구조 영향 요소 분석 40

1) 거리 요소 40

2) 수요 선호유사성 41

4. 정부 작용 요소 42

5. 요약 42

IV. 중국 농산물 수출무역 구조 개선 방안 44

1. 농산물 무역구조의 문제점 44

1) 농산물 품질 수준의 적하 44

2) 농산물 수출 시장구조 불합리 44

3) 농산물 수출 시장이 지나치게 집중 44

4) 농산물 무역 장벽 45

5) 낮은 농민의 농업기술 수준 45

6) 정부 공공 서비스 미비 45

2. 개선방안 46

1) 농산물 품질 향상 46

2) 농산물 무역 구조 조정 46

3) 농산물 다각화 발전 추진 47

4) 국제 무역 장벽에 적극적 대응 47

5) 농업기술 수준의 제고 47

6) 정부 공공 서비스 강화 48

V. 결론 49

참고문헌 51

ABSTRACT and KEYWORDS 54

표목차

〈표 2-1〉 2002-2014년 중국 농산물 교역현황 12

〈표 2-2〉 중국 농산물 수출입 무역 액 16

〈표 2-3〉 중국 농산품의 주요 수출시장 무역 규모 및 비중 22

〈표 3-1〉 2014년 세계인구 32

〈표 3-2〉 2001-2014년 중국 1인당 국민 소득GDP 34

〈표 3-3〉 2003-2012년 중국 과일 총 생산액 36

그림목차

〈그림 1-1〉 연구 흐름도 9

〈그림 2-1〉 2001년 및 2010년 중국 각종 농산물 수출액 비교 19

〈그림 2-2〉 2001년-2010년 중국각종농산물 출구 비중 20

〈그림 3-1〉 2001-2014년 중국 인구 변화추세 33

〈그림 3-2〉 2001-2014년 일본 인구수의 변화추세 33

〈그림 3-3〉 2001-2014년 중국식량 생산액 36

Since the reform and opening up, especially since the 1990s, the Chinese foreign trade in agricultural growth is rapid, the scale of import and export of agricultural products continued to rise in the proportion of world agricultural trade continuously improve. In 2004, China made a deficit in the field of agricultural trade for the first time. This year, China turned from an agricultural net exporter into a net importer of agricultural products. Since 2005, China's agricultural export situation has improved, but the overall trade environment and development situation is still not optimistic. China's agricultural products are less competitive in the international market, only a few classes of agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables, meat, and aquatic products have strong trade competitiveness, and a more significant trade surplus. Despite of this, most of the agricultural products export amount is too small.

Since joining the WTO, China's foreign trade growth rate stood at 20% in six consecutive years of above, the import and export scale quadrupled. In 2007, our country commodity import and export amounted to $2.1738 trillion, up 2315% from 2006, exports of $1.218 trillion, up 25.7%; Imported us $955.8 billion, an increase of 20.8%.

Since 2004, China's agricultural products trade for four years deficit state, a period in the future, agricultural trade will continue to keep the deficit situation, and the deficit will continue to expand. On the one hand, due to the threshold of foreign agricultural products import, various kinds of trade barriers such as the application of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures, leading to increased difficulties of China's agricultural exports; At the same time, the agricultural product export enterprises of various costs rise, the RMB exchange rate appreciation, decline in export enthusiasm. , on the other hand, along with the gradually fulfilled all the commitments of China's accession to wto, China's agricultural products market further opening to the outside world, foreign influx of high-quality low-cost agricultural products, agricultural products import growth is likely to rise, the trade deficit will be further revealed. In the long run, China's agricultural products trade will remain deficit for a long time, and the gap will expand trend. But China's agricultural products export trade will continue to play an important role at home and abroad. China as the largest developing country and WTO main members, is the world's largest agricultural production and consumption power, is also one of the world's leading agricultural exporters. China's agricultural products export share of world trade is steadily rising trend, China's agricultural products trade patterns in the world's role will be bigger and bigger. At the same time, the relationship between agricultural exports of China's international competitiveness of agricultural products, relationship with all kinds of agricultural products and food export enterprise's survival, relationship between employment and welfare of millions of farmers, to alleviate the pressure of the domestic agricultural surplus and enhance the role of farmers' income also should not be underestimated.

Based on the analysis of Chinese agricultural products export trade in recent years, grain, oil-bearing crops, sugar crops such as relative shrinking land intensive farm exports, and aquatic products, livestock and poultry, fruits and vegetables, such as the export of labor-intensive products competitive advantage obviously, improve degree of export agricultural products processing, products of China's agricultural products export structure optimization. With China's current economic development and the structure characteristics, China is characterized by labor-intensive agricultural products export advantage in recent years will remain unchanged. With the joint efforts of the government, enterprise, association of the international competitiveness of China's agricultural exports could be improved. But it is worth noting that at present China's agricultural exports competitive advantage mainly depends on the price advantage; In the long run, as labor costs rise, other competitors homogeneity product increases, the comparative advantage of China's labor-intensive agricultural exports are likely to disappear, so you need to adjust the low cost competition strategy as soon as possible, change production structure, so as to adapt to the development of the new situation.

From the regional perspective, although a period of China's agricultural products export in the future market will still be mainly concentrated in Asia, Europe and North America, but with the expansion of the trade area scope, the export of agricultural products market concentration will be decreased, the trend of export market diversification will be more obvious. China's agricultural exports to Asia the phenomenon of excessive concentration improved, other market growth is better, such as Russia, southeast Asia, Africa and other regions may become a new growth point of China's agricultural exports, the main market is highly dependent on the situation will ease. From domestic regional perspective, although is China's major agricultural exports in eastern region, but the national agricultural exports in recent years is to expand to other provinces. Major provinces of the country's agricultural products export quotas is gradually diminishing, agricultural exports of domestic regional concentration of downward trend; The export of western and central regions was improved obviously. Each region adjust measures to local conditions, give full play to their strengths, to form their advantages of agricultural industry, the western agricultural exports rapid development trend in the next few years will be more obvious. These show that China's agricultural exports of foreign markets and domestic regional concentration will be reduced, diversified development trend gradually revealed.

Therefore, in the transition period of China's agriculture is facing the internal and external environmental changes, especially in open markets mixed effects, the ascension of agricultural international competitiveness faced obstacles, agricultural product export trade structure changes quickly. Therefore, the current research on China's agricultural products export trade structure, explore the problems existing in the agricultural exports, to judge the trend of China's agricultural products trade, has a strong theoretical and practical significance.

To our country agricultural product export trade structure change, therefore, through analyzing the influence factors, from the perspective of an objective judge the trend of the development of our country agricultural product export trade structure, will be to our country agricultural product export trade flow characteristics have a clear understanding, not only from the overall, but also from the classification of the influence factors of agricultural product export trade structure change level and the level of export market specific analysis, and then according to the factors affecting the upgrading of our country agricultural product export trade space for some practical Suggestions. Not only helps to correctly understand China's agricultural products trade development trend, and to promote and enhance the development of our country agricultural product export trade has important strategic significance. In this paper, on the basis of domestic and international relevant research results, further to our country agricultural product export trade structure and its influencing factors were analyzed.