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Title Page

Abstract

Contents

I. INTRODUCTION 9

1.1. Introduction of leaf senescence 9

1.2. Introduction of long noncoding RNA (IncRNA) 9

1.3. Regulatory role of IncRNA 10

1.4. Objects 11

II. MATERIALS AND METHODS 12

2.1. Data source 12

2.2. Identification of novel IncRNAs in Arabidopsis 12

2.3. LncRNAs classification and small ORF detection 12

2.4. Differentially gene expression analysis and Gene Ontology. 12

2.5. Prediction of RNA-RNA interactions 13

2.6. Plant materials and growth conditions 13

2.7. Age/Stress-induced leaf senescence assay 13

2.8. RNA isolation and quantitative RT-PCR analysis 13

2.9. Chromatin Isolation by RNA purification assay 14

III. RESULTS 15

Part 1. Global analysis of senescence-associated long noncoding RNA (SALNR) 15

3.1. Identification of senescence-associated IncRNAs (SALNRs) in Arabidopsis 15

3.2. Dynamic change of SALNRs along leaf senescence 21

3.3. Characterization of SALNRs using Arabidopsis transcriptome data 24

3.4. Exploring putative biological function and RNA targets of SALNRs 26

3.5. Examination of senescence phenotype of SALNRs 31

Part 2. SALNR4 is negative regulator of natural leaf senescence 34

3.6. SALNR4 negatively regulate natural leaf senescence 34

3.7. Characterization of SALNR4 36

3.8. SALNR4 associated with response to drought stress 38

3.9. RD29A is a possible target of SALNR4 39

IV. DISCUSSION 41

Reference 43

요약문 49

List of Tables

Table 1. predicted SALNRs-RNA interaction 30

List of Figures

Fig 3.1. Identification and characterization of Arabidopsis IncRNAs 17

Fig 3.2. Coverage and RT-PCR of Arabidopsis IncRNAs 18

Fig 3.3. Identification of senescence-associated IncRNAs (SALNRs) along aging in Arabidopsis 20

Fig 3.4. Dynamic change of SALNRs. 23

Fig 3.5. SALRs are regulated by developmental age and stress in cytosol and nucleus. 25

Fig 3.6. Antisense SALNRs correlated with the expression of overlapping protein coding genes during... 27

Fig 3.7. prediction of putative SALNR-RNA interactions based on RIBLAST. 29

Fig 3.8. Senescence screening result of salnr2, salnr6, salnr11 and salnr16 mutant. 32

Fig 3.9. putative target mRNA of SALNR2, SALNR6, SALNR11 and SALNR15 were differentially... 33

Fig 3.10. SALNR4 negatively regulate natural leaf senescence. 36

Fig 3.11. SALNR4 is upregulated by ABA, Drought and downregulated by Cold stress. 38

Fig 3.12. SALNR4 associated with ABA and response to drought stress. 39

Fig 3.13. SALNR4 can bind to promoter of RD29A through sequence complementarity. 40

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