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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색
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Title Page

Contents

ABSTRACT 13

국문초록 14

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 15

1.1. Background 15

1.2. Purpose of Research 19

CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 20

2.1. City & Flooding 20

2.1.1. Social Housing and Hazard Vulnerability 23

2.2. Low-Impact Development 32

2.2.1. LID in Brazil 53

CHAPTER 3. METHODOLOGY 56

3.1. Control Selection 57

3.2. Masterplan Guidelines 61

3.3. General Site Quota Composition 65

CHAPTER 4. SITE 67

4.1. Historical, Social & Environmental Context 68

4.2. Current Circumstances 75

CHAPTER 5. HYDROLOGICAL SIMULATION 77

5.1. Simulation Settings 82

5.2. Scenarios 84

5.2.1. Standard Urbanization Scenarios 84

5.2.2. Isolated LID Scenarios 87

5.2.3. Combined LID Scenarios 94

CHAPTER 6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 98

6.1. Additional Parameter Modification Evaluation 102

CHAPTER 7. CONCLUSION 106

REFERENCES 111

List of Tables

[Table 2-1] Flood events in Brazil from 2008 to 2012 23

[Table 2-2] Landslide events in Brazil from 2008 to 2012 26

[Table 2-3] Percentage of areas that have to be destined to leisure activities inside the plot. 31

[Table 2-4] Bioretention worldwide: Literature Summary 39

[Table 2-5] Green Roof worldwide: Literature Summary 43

[Table 2-6] Green Roof in Brazil: Literature Summary 55

[Table 2-7] Bioretention in Brazil: Literature Summary 55

[Table 3-1] Practice Selection Matrix According to Site Characteristics 59

[Table 3-2] Unit cost estimates for LID controls 61

[Table 3-3] Area composition for the housing typologies 64

[Table 3-4] Area percentage destined to public areas 65

[Table 3-5] Impervious Coverage according to Land Use 66

[Table 4-1] Reservoirs in Sao Mateus: Areas and Capacities. 75

[Table 5-1] Impervious Area Calculation per Subcatchment 81

[Table 5-2] Data properties discrimination 82

[Table 5-3] Geometric properties discrimination 83

[Table 5-4] Scenario 1 Standard - Runoff Quantity Results 85

[Table 5-5] Scenario 2 Topography Adjustment - Runoff Quantity Results 86

[Table 5-6] Scenario 2 - Runoff Quantity Results 87

[Table 5-7] LID Isolated Application Parameters 88

[Table 5-8] Scenario 3 Rain Barrel - Runoff Quantity Results 91

[Table 5-9] Scenario 4 - Green Roof Area 92

[Table 5-10] Scenario 4 Green Roofs - Runoff Quantity Results 92

[Table 5-11] Scenario 5 Bioretention - Runoff Quantity Results 93

[Table 5-12] Scenario 6 RB + GR - Runoff Quantity Results 95

[Table 5-13] Scenario 7 RB + BR - Runoff Quantity Results 96

[Table 5-14] Scenario 8 GR + BR - Runoff Quantity Results 96

[Table 5-15] Scenario 9 RB + GR + BR - Runoff Quantity Results 97

[Table 6-1] Runoff reduction rates (when comparing with standard urbanization scenario (no.1) 98

[Table 6-2] Runoff quantities for modified thickness in Green Roofs 100

[Table 6-3] Storage contribution (per hectare) by LID. 101

[Table 6-4] Modified] LID Isolated Application Parameters 103

[Table 6-5] Modified LID Runoff Reduction Comparison 104

[Table 7-1] Best LID according to Runoff Reduction 108

[Table 7-2] Best LID according to volume retention contribution for the original parameters. 109

List of Figures

[Figure 2-1] Number of disasters per type from 1998 to 2017. 22

[Figure 2-2] Feitiço da Vila Residences: a standard site composition example of the multifamily types... 29

[Figure 2-3] Multifamily typologies 29

[Figure 2-4] Standard Site overview 30

[Figure 2-5] Residential complex in Avaré. A standard site composition example of the single family... 30

[Figure 2-6] The single family typology 31

[Figure 2-7] Increase in runoff rates according to impervious cover 34

[Figure 2-8] Stream hydrograph altered from its original state by urbanization. 34

[Figure 2-9] Bioswale in Kronsberg, Hannover, Germany 38

[Figure 2-10] Section scheme of a bioswale when its dry. 38

[Figure 2-11] Section scheme of a bioswale when it is dry and during rainfall 39

[Figure 2-12] Rain Garden in Capitol Hill 40

[Figure 2-13] Illustrated section of a Rain Garden 40

[Figure 2-14] Green Roof in the British Horse Society 41

[Figure 2-15] Intensive green roof/garden roof 41

[Figure 2-16] Green Roof in Recife, Brazil 41

[Figure 2-17] Centro de Pesquisas Schlumberger Brazil Research Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 41

[Figure 2-18] Collapsed roof structure of Hong Kong's City University. 42

[Figure 2-19] Collapsed roof structure of Latvia's Riga Supermarket. 42

[Figure 2-20] Infiltration Trench example 44

[Figure 2-21] Diagram of a Infiltration Trench 44

[Figure 2-22] Permeable pavement example 45

[Figure 2-23] Permeable pavement installation in Chestertown, MD 45

[Figure 2-24] Permeable Pavement General Composition Diagram 46

[Figure 2-25] Multi-barrel system installed in a residence in Los Angeles, USA 47

[Figure 2-26] Single-barrel system installed in a residence in New Jersey, USA 48

[Figure 2-27] Schematic diagram of the Rain Barrel's standard system composition 48

[Figure 2-28] Rain Barrel installation in a Slum close to Sao Mateus 49

[Figure 2-29] Example of downspouts disconnection into a lawn 50

[Figure 2-30] Schematic diagram of disconnection leading to a bioretention cell 50

[Figure 2-31] A vegetated swale in a parking lot. 51

[Figure 2-32] A vegetated swale in a field. 51

[Figure 2-33] Schematic diagram of the vegetative swale system without infiltration aid. 51

[Figure 2-34] Schematic diagram of the vegetative swale system with and infiltration aid. 51

[Figure 3-1] Floor plan and elevation of the Multi Family typology(VI22F)[원문불량;p.48] 62

[Figure 3-2] Reference image of the Multi Family Typology(VI22F) 63

[Figure 3-3] Floor plan and elevation of the Single Family typology(TI24A) 63

[Figure 3-4] Reference image of the Single Family Typology(TI24A) 63

[Figure 3-5] Simplified floor plan of the typologies and their Pervious Surface ratios 64

[Figure 4-1] Sao Mateus District Localization Map 67

[Figure 4-2] Temporary shelters near big avenues. 69

[Figure 4-3] Site in 2017 70

[Figure 4-4] Site in 2020 70

[Figure 4-5] Map of the District of Sao Mateus and Site Location 71

[Figure 4-6] Aricanduva River Basin and the Location of Sao Mateus District 73

[Figure 4-7] Flood Map for the Aricanduva River 74

[Figure 4-8] The limits of the Piscinão : new occupations appearing slowly 76

[Figure 4-9] Wood Shelters in organized lots 76

[Figure 4-10] View from the top of the hill 77

[Figure 5-1] Site Plan 78

[Figure 5-2] Typology Organizational Plan 79

[Figure 5-3] Subcatchment Discretization 80

[Figure 5-4] Visual representation of the study area for Scenario 1 84

[Figure 5-5] Localization Map of the Application of LID: Rain Barrel (left), Green Roof (center) and... 87

[Figure 5-6] Localization map of all subcatchments influenced by combination scenarios 94

[Figure 6-1] LID Volume x Area Contribution Graphic 101

초록보기

도시화로 인하여 불침투 지역의 증가, 더 많은 강우유출량, 그리고 도시 배수 시스템의 과부하를 야기하는 결과를 초래한다. LID (Low Impact Development) 기술은 전통적인 배수 방법의 대안으로 나타나 도시 경관 내에서 수문학적 기능 시스템을 만든고 있다. 실무자들은 LID를 통해 가능한 한 언제든지 자연 환경을 모방하여 하천의 면적과 경사면을 보존하고 도시 배수 시스템의 즉각적인 유출 방류를 피하는 것을 목표로 한다. 본 연구는 이러한 기법을 최대한 활용하기 위해 브라질 상파울루의 가상 저소득 정착촌에서 그 효율성을 검증하고 프로젝트의 예비 연구 단계에서 의사결정 프로세스에 그러한 기법을 통합하는 중요성과 방법을 논의 하고자 하는 LID 기술을 비교한다.

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