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동의어 포함
Title Page
Contents
ABSTRACT 9
Chapter 1. Introduction 12
1.1. Conventional protein-protein interaction (PPI) study methods 12
1.2. Proximity labeling (PL) 16
1.3. Biotin ligase and peroxidase-mediated PL 18
1.4. TurboID-mediated PL in vivo 21
1.5. Research Aim 22
Chapter 2. Proximity labeling based profiling of piRNA biogenesis factor interactomes in Drosophila ovary 24
2.1. Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) role in transposon silencing 24
2.2. piRNA biogenesis by Zucchini (Zuc)-mediated processing and slicer-dependent pathways (ping-pong cycle) 26
2.3. Materials and Methods 29
2.3.1. Plasmid construct and cloning 29
2.3.2. Transgenic fly and Drosophila stock 29
2.3.3. Proximity labeling in fly tissue 30
2.3.4. Western Blot 30
2.3.5. Immunostaining 32
2.3.6. Mass spectrometry sample preparation 33
2.3.7. Liquid-chromatography mass-spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis 34
2.3.8. Bioinformatic & statistical analysis 35
2.3.9. Validation assay of Zuc interacting candidates 35
2.4. Result 37
2.4.1. Zuc-V5-TurboID induces biotinylation of proximal proteins in germline cells and biotin supplementation enhances biotinylation intensity 37
2.4.2. Identified biotinylated proximal proteins include several well-known piRNA-related proteins, involve in diverse biological processes and localize at various cell compartments 39
2.4.3. Zuc partner candidates may be involved in piRNA biogenesis and indirectly affect transposon silencing activity and genome instability 42
2.4.4. TurboID-V5-Aub induces biotinylation of proximal proteins in germline cells and biotin supplementation enhances biotinylation intensity 46
Chapter 3. Inter-organelle mitochondria-lipid droplet communication study by TurboID-based proximity labeling in Drosophila neuronal and glial cells 50
3.1. Mitochondria and lipid droplet communication 50
3.2. Marf and Lsd-2 description and function 52
3.3. Materials and Methods 54
3.3.1. Plasmid construct and cloning 54
3.3.2. Transgenic fly and Drosophila stock 55
3.3.3. Proximity labeling in fly tissue 55
3.3.4. Western blot 56
3.3.5. Biotinylated proteins enrichment with streptavidin beads 57
3.3.6. Mass spectrometry sample preparation 58
3.3.7. LC-MS analysis 59
3.3.8. Bioinformatic and statistical analysis 59
3.4. Result 60
3.4.1. NES-V5-TurboID induces biotinylation in a cell-type specific manner across various life stages of Drosophila and biotin supplementation enhances biotinylation intensity 60
3.4.2. Proximal proteins of Marf-V5-TurboID and Lsd-V5-TurboID were biotinylated in Drosophila neuronal and glial cells upon biotin addition, and also successfully enriched by streptavidin beads 63
3.4.3. Several biotinylated proximal proteins of V5-TurboID-NES in glial cells were already known to be distinctly localized in glial cells and also some proteins were overlapped in the cytoplasmic proteome of germline cells 68
Chapter 4. Discussion 70
REFERENCES 78
DECLARATION 83
ABBREVIATIONS 84
국문요약 90
Figure 1. Working flow of AP-MS analysis. 13
Figure 2. Principle of Y2H screening. 15
Figure 3. Principle of promiscuous enzyme-catalyzed proximity labeling. 17
Figure 4. Schematic workflow of biotinylation-based PL. (A) biotin ligase mode of action and (B) peroxidase-based labeling mechanism. 20
Figure 5. Transposon silencing mechanism by piRNA-induced silencing complex (piRISC). 25
Figure 6. piRNA biogenesis pathways in somatic and germ cells. 28
Figure 7. Experimental design for Zuc interacting candidates' validation assay (created with Biorender). 36
Figure 8. Proximity labeling in germline cells of Drosophila ovary by Zuc-V5-TurboID protein fusion. (A-D) Progeny of matα-Gal4 and w1118 crossed flies served as control.... 38
Figure 9. Proteomic analysis of labeled proximal proteins by TurboID protein fusions. (A) Experimental flow of mass spectrometry sample preparation (created with Biorender).... 41
Figure 10. Effect of Zuc partner candidate's knockdown in germline cells. (A-B) Transposons expression level upon knockdown of piRNA biogenesis-associated genes.... 45
Figure 11. Proximity labeling in germline cells of Drosophila ovary by TurboID-V5-Aub protein fusion. (A-D) Transgene expression in germline cells was driven by matα-Gal4.... 48
Figure 12. Experimental plan for TurboID-V5-Aub localization test (created with Biorender). 49
Figure 13. Illustration of tethering proteins that mediate inter-organelle communication between mitochondria and other organelles. 53
Figure 14. Proximity labeling by NES-V5-TurboID protein fusion in Drosophila tissue- specific cell types. (A) Schematic plan of proximity labeling attempt in muscle and brain-... 61
Figure 15. Schematic plan of proximity labeling attempt in mitochondria and LD of adult Drosophila neuronal and glial cells (created with Biorender). 64
Figure 16. Proximity labeling by Marf-V5-TurboID and Lsd-V5-TurboID fusion in neuronal and glial cells of adult Drosophila brain tissue. (A-B, E) Fusion protein... 67
Figure 17. Proteomic analysis of biotinylated proximal proteins by NES in glial and germline cells of Drosophila. (A-B) Courtesy of Dr. Choijamts Munkhzul. (A) Bar graph... 69
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