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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

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동의어 포함

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Title Page 1

ABSTRACT 4

Contents 6

Nomenclature 12

1. Introduction 13

1.1. Research background 13

1.2. Research history 14

1.2.1. Research of Water stress in plants 14

1.2.2. Non-destructive analysis 15

2. Methodology 20

2.1. Cultivation experiment 20

2.2. Soil composition of experimental field 23

2.2.1. Soil used in the water stress experiment 23

2.2.2. Analysis of soil physiochemistry 23

2.3. A method of water treatment 24

2.4. Measurement method 26

2.4.1. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis 26

2.4.2. Vegetation index 26

2.4.3. Multispectral image analysis 31

2.5. Statistic analysis 37

3. Results 38

3.1. Environmental changes during water stress treatment period 38

3.1.1. Changes in Soil moisture content 38

3.1.2. Changes in Temperature and Relative humidity 40

3.2. Analysis of water stress response of garden plants 42

3.2.1. Photochemical reaction analysis 42

3.2.2. Photosynthetic system activity performance evaluation 67

3.2.3. Selection of spectral vegetation index 70

3.2.4. Spectral image analysis 77

3.3. Diagnosis of water stress in garden plants using non-destructive analysis methods 91

3.3.1. Calculation of photochemical integrated index and cluster analysis of garden plants 91

3.3.2. Establishment of water stress diagnosis standard using non-destructive analysis 95

3.3.3. Possibility of water stress diagnosis using multispectral image analysis 98

4. Discussion 104

5. Conclusion 108

Bibliography 111

Summary in Korean 116

List of Tables 8

Table 1. Characteristics of the experiment target plant 21

Table 2. Changes in physiological responses of plants depending on soil moisture tension 25

Table 3. Formulas and glossary of terms used by the JIP-test for the analysis of the fluorescence transient OJIP 27

Table 4. List of vegetation indexes calculated by PolyPen 410 (Photon System Instruments, Czech Republic) and their equations according to the user's... 30

Table 5. Available indices in FIELDimage R. Any other index can be implemented using the option mylndex and the new formula (FIELDimage R:... 35

Table 6. Index correlation analysis of Polygonatum odoratum for Drought stress index selection 71

Table 7. Index correlation analysis of Polygonatum odoratum for Wet stress index selection 71

Table 8. Index correlation analysis of Phlox drummondii for Drought stress index selection 72

Table 9. Index correlation analysis of Phlox drummondii for Wet stress index selection 72

Table 10. Index correlation analysis of Pachysandra terminalis for Drought stress index selection 73

Table 11. Index correlation analysis of Pachysandra terminalis for Wet stress index selection 73

Table 12. Index correlation analysis of Aquilegia buergeriana for Drought stress index selection 74

Table 13. Index correlation analysis of Aquilegia buergeriana for Wet stress index selection 74

Table 14. Index correlation analysis of Pseudolysimachion linariifolium for Drought stress index selection 75

Table 15. Index correlation analysis of Pseudolysimachion linaritfolium for Wet stress index selection 75

Table 16. Index correlation analysis of Astillbe chinensis for Drought stress index selection 76

Table 17. Index correlation analysis of Astillbe chinensis for Wet stress index selection 76

List of Figures 9

Fig. 1. The water stress experimental site for garden plants 22

Fig. 2. RGB image of experiment target plant 32

Fig. 3. Red-edge image of experiment target plant 33

Fig. 4. NIR image of experiment target plant 34

Fig. 5. Pre-processing to the spectral image of garden plants 36

Fig. 6. The treatments soil moisture contents after treatment 39

Fig. 7. Soil moisture characteristics curve (SMCC) by sandy loam 39

Fig. 8. Daily average temperature of the Water stress experiment field after treatment 41

Fig. 9. Daily average relative humidity of Water stress experiment field after treatment 41

Fig. 10. Change in vegetation index of Polygonatum odoratum drought stress treatments 44

Fig. 11. Change in vegetation index of Polygonatum odoratum wet stress treatments 45

Fig. 12. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Polygonatum odoratum drought stress treatments 46

Fig. 13. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Polygonatum odoratum wet stress treatments 46

Fig. 14. Change in vegetation index of Phlox drummondii drought stress treatments 48

Fig. 15. Change in vegetation index of Phlox drummondii wet stress treatments 49

Fig. 16. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Phlox drummondii drought stress treatments 50

Fig. 17. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Phlox drummondii wet stress treatments 50

Fig. 18. Change in vegetation index of Pachysandra terminalis drought stress treatments 52

Fig. 19. Change in vegetation index of Pachysandra terminalis wet stress treatments 53

Fig. 20. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Pachysandra terminalis drought stress treatments 54

Fig. 21. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Pachysandra terminalis wet stress treatments 54

Fig. 22. Change in vegetation index of Aquilegia buergeriana drought stress treatments 56

Fig. 23. Change in vegetation index of Aquilegia buergeriana wet stress treatments 57

Fig. 24. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Aquilegia buergeriana drought stress treatments 58

Fig. 25. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Aquilegia buergeriana wet stress treatments 58

Fig. 26. Change in vegetation index of Pseudolysimachion linaritfolium drought stress 60

Fig. 27. Change in vegetation index of Pseudolysimachion linariifolium wet stress treatments 61

Fig. 28. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Pseudolysimachion linariifolium drought stress treatments 62

Fig. 29. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Pseudolysimachion linariifolium wet stress treatments 62

Fig. 30. Change in vegetation index of Astillbe chinensis drought stress treatments 64

Fig. 31. Change in vegetation index of Astillbe chinensis wet stress treatments 65

Fig. 32. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Astillbe chinensis drought stress treatments 66

Fig. 33. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of Astillbe chinensis wet stress treatments 66

Fig. 34. Assessment of photosynthetic system performance of garden plants under drought stress using the Drought Factor Index (DFI) 68

Fig. 35. Assessment of photosynthetic system performance of garden plants under wet stress using the Wet Factor Index (WFI) 69

Fig. 36. Change in spectral image index of Polygonatum odoratum drought stress treatments 79

Fig. 37. Change in spectral image index of Polygonatum odoratum wet stress treatments 80

Fig. 38. Change in spectral image index of Phlox drummondii drought stress treatments 81

Fig. 39. Change in spectral image index of Phlox drummondii wet stress treatments 82

Fig. 40. Change in spectral image index of Pachysandra terminalis drought stress treatments 83

Fig. 41. Change in spectral image index of Pachysandra terminalis wet stress treatments 84

Fig. 42. Change in spectral image index of Aquilegia buergeriana drought stress treatments 85

Fig. 43. Change in spectral image index of Aquilegia buergeriana wet stress treatments 86

Fig. 44. Change in spectral image index of Pseudolysimachion linariifolium drought stress treatments 87

Fig. 45. Change in spectral image index of Pseudolysimachion linariifolium wet stress treatments 88

Fig. 46. Change in spectral image index of Astillbe chinensis drought stress treatments 89

Fig. 47. Change in spectral image index of Astillbe chinensis wet stress treatments 90

Fig. 48. Changes in photochemical integrated index of garden plants calculated under drought stress 93

Fig. 49. Changes in photochemical integrated index of garden plants calculated under wet stress 93

Fig. 50. The cluster analysis of drought stress (D-1 group : Pachysandra terminalis, Polygonatum... 94

Fig. 51. The cluster analysis of wet stress (W-1 group : Astillbe chinensis, Phlox drummondii,... 94

Fig. 52. Selection of drought stress mdex using photochemical reaction (Indicates p-value from simple... 97

Fig. 53. Selection of wet stress index using photochemical reaction (Indicates p-value from simple... 97

Fig. 54. Selection of drought stress index using BGI (Indicates p-value from simple linear regression... 100

Fig. 55. Selection of drought stress index using NGRDI (Indicates p-value from simple linear regression... 100

Fig. 56. Selection of wet stress index using GLI (Indicates p-value from simple linear regression analysis... 101

Fig. 57. Selection of wet stress index using NDVI (Indicates p-value from simple linear regression... 101

Fig. 58. Selection of final index for drought stress diagnosis using photochemical integrated index -... 102

Fig. 59. Selection of final index for drought stress diagnosis using photochemical integrated index -... 102

Fig. 60. Selection of final index for wet stress diagnosis using photochemical integrated index - spectral... 103

Fig. 61. Selection of final index for wet stress diagnosis using photochemical integrated index - spectral... 103

초록보기

 본 연구는 비파괴적 광화학 분석(엽록소 형광반응, 식생지수, 분광 영상 이미지)을 기반으로 하여 정원식물의 수분 스트레스 반응을 해석하고, 다분광 드론을 이용한 원격탐사를 통해 다분광 스펙트럼 이미지를 활용하여 정원식물의 수분 스트레스 진단 및 예측 가능성을 제안 하고자 수행되었다.

정원식물 (꼬리풀, 노루오줌, 둥굴레, 매발톱, 수호초, 플록스)6종을 대상으로 대조구, 건조 처리구(관수 중단), 습해 처리구(토양 표면까지 담수)를 구성하여 비파괴적 분석(엽록소 형광반응, 식생지수, 분광 영상 이미지 등)을 동일한 조건에서 진행하였다.

건조 스트레스에 의한 식생지수 변화는 전반적으로 토양 수분장력 0.1 MPa 이상부터 파악 되었으며 습해 스트레스의 경우 침수 처리 6일부터 변화가 나타났다. 엽록소 형광 반응 분석 결과, 수분 스트레스로 인해 엽록소 및 페오피틴의 함량을 증감시켜 반응중심 복합체 (RC)에 피해를 주는 것으로 파악되었다. 분석에 활용된 엽록소 형광 매개변수를 대상으로 광화학적 특성을 고려하여 중요도 별 가중치를 부여하여 광화학적 수분 스트레스 통합지표 (Photochemical Integrated Index; PII)를 산출하였다. 산출된 광화학 통합 평가지표는 BGI, GLI, NGRDI, NDVI 등 분광 영상 이미지 지표와의 연계 분석을 통해 정원식물의 수분 스트레스 진단 기준설정에 활용하였다.

비파괴적 광화학 특성분석을 기반으로 군집분석을 실시한 결과, 건조 처리구는 D-1 group (둥굴레, 수호초), D-2 group (노루오줌, 플록스), D-3 group (꼬리풀, 매발톱)으로 분류되었으며, 습해 처리구의 경우 W-1 group (노루오줌, 둥굴레, 플록스), W-2 group (꼬리풀, 수호초), W-3 group (매발톱)로 분류되어 이후, 군집 별 평균값으로 스트레스 기준 설정 분석을 진행하였다.

정원식물의 수분 스트레스 진단 기준은 비파괴적 분석 (엽록소 형광 반응, 식생지수 등)을 활용하여 산출된 광화학적 통합지표 (Photochemical Integrated Index; PII)및 분광 영상 이미지 지수 (BGI, GLI, NDVI, NGRDI)와 토양수분장력 및 침수 처리기간 간의 회귀분석을 활용하여 설정하였다. 건조 스트레스 기준은 PII < 0.6, BGI > 0.5, NGRDI < 0.12 로 설정하였고, 습해 스트레스 기준은 PII < 0.45, GLI < 0.26, NDVI < 0.6으로 설정하였다.

수분 스트레스 진단 및 예측의 효율성과정확성을 높이고자 선발된 지표 간의 최종 수분 스트레스 진단 모형을 도출하였다. 건조 스트레스 진단 기준은 BGI 모형: PII < 0.6, BGI > 0.5, NGRDI 모형: PII < 0.6, NGRDI < 0.12으로 설정되었다. 습해 스트레스의 진단 기준은 GLI 모형: PII < 0.45, GLI < 0.26, NDVI 모형: PII < 0.45, NDVI < 0.6으로 설정되었다.

본 연구를 통해 스트레스 내성 반응이유사한 식물 군집에 따라 광화학적 통합지표와 분광 영상 이미지 지수 선발을 통해 식물의 수분 스트레스 진단 및 예측에 적합한 진단 기준 설정이 가능하였다. 이를 통해 실시간 영상 모니터링을 통해 정원 식물의 수분 스트레스 진단이 가능 할 것으로 판단되었다.