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Title Page 2

Abstract 4

Contents 6

CHAPTER Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION 10

1.1. Research Background 10

1.2. Problem Statement 12

1.3. Research Objectives 12

1.4. Research Scope 13

1.5. Significance of the Study 13

CHAPTER Ⅱ. LITERATURE REVIEW 15

2.1. Concept of Public-Private Partnership(PPP) 15

2.2. Presidential Regulation No.38 of 2015 17

2.3. Implementation Presidential Regulation in Ministry of Public Works and Housing 19

2.4. Research Model Framework 22

CHAPTER Ⅲ. RESEARCH METHOD 24

3.1. Conceptual Framework 24

3.2. Type of Research 26

3.3. Research Stages 27

1. Preliminary Study 27

2. Research Review 27

3. Research Methodology Development 27

4. Data Collection 28

5. Data Processing and Analysis 28

CHAPTER Ⅳ. FINDINGS 30

4.1. Description of Respondents 30

4.2. Data Analysis 31

4.2.1 Data Analysis Of Budget Factor 38

4.2.1 Data Analysis Of Contracts 42

CHAPTER Ⅴ. DISCUSSION 44

5.1. Construction Cost 44

5.1.1. Measurement of Construction Cost Indicators 44

5.1.2. Challenges 45

5.2. Contract terms 46

5.2.1. Measurement of Contract Terms Indicators 46

5.2.2. Challenges 47

CHAPTER Ⅵ. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 48

1. Adequacy of the Initial Budget 48

2. Material Costs 48

3. Cost Adjustment Clause 48

4. Risk Allocation 48

REFERENCES 50

List of Tables 9

Table 2.1. Government Balance Sheet for the Year 2014 in the Unaudited Central Government... 16

Table 4.1. Matrix of Questionnaire Results 37

Table 4.2. Hierarchy of Budget Factor 38

Table 4.3. Hierarchy of Contract 42

List of Figures 8

Figure 1.1. Government Budget Allocation for Infrastructure Projects in the Ministry of... 10

Figure 2.1. Supporting Regulations related to Presidential Regulation No.38 of 2015 19

Figure 2.2. Government Support and facility for PPP 21

Figure 2.3. Research Model Framework 22

Figure 3.1. Government's Budget Allocation For Infrastructure Development(in Trillion IDR) 24

Figure 3.2. Basic Structure PPP(Public Private Partnership Contract Management. Muhammad... 25

Figure 3.3. Solicited PPP 25

Figure 3.4. Unsolicited PPP 26

Figure 3.5. Data Processing and Analysis 29

Figure 4.1. List Of Respondents 31

Figure 4.2. Codes For Initial project Budget reflected all potential cost(Nvivo15 Project) 38

Figure 4.3. Codes For fluctuation cost(Nvivo15 Project) 39

Figure 4.4. TPPAS Project in Nambo, Bogor, Depok, West Java 41

Figure 4.5. Codes For Cost Adjustment is apart of clauses(Nvivo15 Project) 42

Figure 4.6. Codes For Risk Distribution(Nvivo15 Project) 43

초록보기

 The development of effective, efficient, well-targeted, and timely infrastructure plays a crucial and strategic role in accelerating economic growth to achieve societal well-being. Therefore, coordination among stakeholders is essential to ensure the accuracy of infrastructure development implementation.

The financing system for infrastructure development is not solely sourced from the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN) but can also be facilitated through the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) scheme, in which the government involves business entities related to infrastructure to actively participate in the development process. Presidential Regulation No. 38 of 2015 on Cooperation between the Government and Business Entities in Infrastructure Provision serves as a legal framework to support infrastructure development.

Infrastructure development is a key driver of economic growth. Given its significance, funding sources for infrastructure projects should not be limited to the State Budget but can also come from government collaboration with private entities. Infrastructure investment requires substantial funding, as per the rule of thumb that infrastructure investment should constitute at least 5% of GDP. However, in 2014, Indonesia's infrastructure budget in the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN) was IDR 177.9 trillion, accounting for only 1.68% of the country's GDP, which stood at IDR 10,583 trillion. Consequently, the government requires support from the private sector and State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN).

Indonesia's infrastructure investment lags significantly behind China and India. Since 2009, India's infrastructure investment has exceeded 7% of GDP, while China has maintained an investment level of 9-11% of GDP since 2005. In contrast, Indonesia's total infrastructure investment-comprising funding from the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN), Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD), State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN), Regional-Owned Enterprises (BUMD), and private sector-has only reached approximately 4.5% to 5% of GDP. In 2013, Indonesia's total infrastructure investment amounted to IDR 438.1 trillion, or 4.71% of GDP.