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검은 가면과 유머 : 흑인 분장악극(The Minstrel Show)과 19세기 미국의 인종주의, 감상주의, 그리고 대중문화 / 이동환 1

I. 서론: 분장악극을 통해 본 19세기 미국사회 1

II. 분장악극 속의 인종주의 5

III. 분장악극과 미국의 감상주의 문화 13

IV. 분장악극과 미국 대중문화의 기원 20

V. 유머: 분장악극과 미국적 성격의 형성 27

Abstract 32

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 This study aims to overview various facets of Blackface minstrelsy through the lens of racial ideas, sentimentalism, and mass culture in nineteenth-century America. Blackface minstrelsy not only created black stereotypes with its blackface mask but also provided an opportunity to try cultural experiments by mixing up different ethnic legacies on the American soil. Blackface minstrels were actually in complicity with contemporary sentimental culture, which put emphasis on flowery feminine make-ups and excessive etiquettes. The audience from low class white males, as well as the blackface performers, projected their socioeconomic frustration into the feminine and black "Others." Nineteenth-century sentimental culture was often criticized on the minstrel stage by its discrepancy between appearance and reality. Nevertheless, this black facade worked as a means of embracing diverse ethnic legacies from operas, folk songs, folk dances, and even festival customs. Blackface minstrelsy was a catalyst to transform the aforesaid elements into a solid mass culture in the American context. The urban mass in nineteenth-century America were attracted by the blackface humor on the minstrel stage. Especially, the vulgar humor was used as a principal way of sticking heterogenous elements together. And as Constance Rourke has commented on, it played an important role in creating the American national character. After all, blackface minstrelsy discloses the tricky bondage between racism, sentimentalism, and cultural diversity in nineteenth-century America.

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권호기사 목록 테이블로 기사명, 저자명, 페이지, 원문, 기사목차 순으로 되어있습니다.
기사명 저자명 페이지 원문 목차
Confronting Sa-i-gu : twenty years after the Los Angeles riots Edward Taehan Chang pp.1-27

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Thirty years of American studies in China : an overview and a case study Mei Renyi, Li Jinzhao pp.29-45

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Caught in the in-between : negotiating Korean/American identity in South Korea Brian Woohyun Kim pp.47-88

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Dean Acheson and the place of Korea in American foreign and security policy, 1945-1950 Michael F. Hopkins pp.89-117

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검은 가면과 유머 : 흑인 분장악극(The Minstrel Show)과 19세기 미국의 인종주의, 감상주의, 그리고 대중문화 이동환 pp.119-151

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A factual myth: American soldiers, project100,000, and the new standards men Robert T. Albrecht pp.153-178

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Representing the other : 24 and leatherstocking tales Sangjun Jeong pp.179-198

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「불길 속의 시련: 아브라함 링컨과 노예제도」, 에릭 포너 저 <서평> 이형대 [평] pp.199-204

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참고문헌 (26건) : 자료제공( 네이버학술정보 )

참고문헌 목록에 대한 테이블로 번호, 참고문헌, 국회도서관 소장유무로 구성되어 있습니다.
번호 참고문헌 국회도서관 소장유무
1 Mel Watkins, On the Real Side: Laughing, Lying, and Signifying-The Underground Tradition of African-American Humor That Transformed American Culture, from Slavery to Richard Pryor (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994), 82. 미소장
2 Hans Nathan, Dan Emmett and the Rise of Early Negro Minstrelsy (Norman: The U of Oklahoma P, 1977), 44-46. 미소장
3 Dale Cockrell, Demons of Disorder: Early Blackface Minstrels and Their World (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1997), 13-14. 미소장
4 Robert C. Toll, Blacking Up: The Minstrel Show in Nineteenth-Century America (London: Oxford UP, 1974), 271. 미소장
5 Eric Lott, Love and Theft: Blackface Minstrelsy and the American Working Class (New York: Oxford UP, 1993), 18. 미소장
6 William J. Mahar, Behind the Burnt Cork Mask: Early Blackface Minstrelsy and Antebellum American Popular Culture (Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1999), 152. 미소장
7 “We Live on de Banks ob de Ohio.” Christy's Panorama Songster-Online Songbook: A Collection of Minstrel, Comic and Sentimental Song Lyrics. 18 September 2012. http://www.traditionalmusic.co.uk/christy-panorama/christyspanorama-songs%20-%200013.htm 미소장
8 Alexander Saxton, The Rise and Fall of the White Republic: Class Politics and Mass Culture in Nineteenth-Century America (London: Verso, 2003), 177. 미소장
9 Joseph Boskin, Sambo: The Rise & Demise of an American Jester (New York: Oxford UP, 1986), 5-7. 미소장
10 W. T. Lhamon, Jr., Raising Cain: Blackface Performance from Jim Crow to Hip Hop (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1998), 44. 미소장
11 W. T. Lhamon, Jr., ed., Jump Jim Crow: Lost Plays, Lyrics, and Street Prose of the First Atlantic Popular Culture (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2003), 186. 미소장
12 Heaven Our Home: Consolation Literature in the Northern United States, 1830-1880 네이버 미소장
13 Mahar, Behind the Burnt Cork Mask, 84. 미소장
14 Karen Haltunnen, Confidence Men and Painted Women: A Study of Middle-Class Culture in America, 1830-1870 (New Haven, CT: Yale UP, 1982), 6. 미소장
15 Haltunnen, Confidence Men and Painted Women, 9. 미소장
16 Lhamon, Jr., ed., Jump Jim Crow, 95. 미소장
17 Seymour Stark, Men in Blackface: True Stories of the Minstrel Show (Bloomington, IN: Xlibris, 2000), 12. 미소장
18 Cockrell, Demons of Disorder, 38. 미소장
19 Charles T. White, “The Hop of Fashion” (1856), Inside the Minstrel Mask: Readings in Nineteenth-Century Blackface Minstrelsy, Ed. Annemarie Bean, James V. Hatch, and Brooks McNamara (Hanover, NH: Wesleyan UP, 1996), 129-30. 미소장
20 David, R. Roediger, The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class (London: Verso, 1991), 123. 미소장
21 Nathan, Dan Emmett and the Rise of Early Negro Minstrelsy, 153. 미소장
22 Frederick Douglass, “The Hutchinson Family.-Hunkerism,” 27 Oct. 1848, The North Star, 2005, Uncle Tom's Cabin and American Culture: Blackface Minstrelsy 1830-1852: Contemporary Accounts, Stephen Railton, Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities, Electronic Text Center, U of Virginia, 20 Sep. 2012 미소장
23 Constance Rourke, American Humor: A Study of the National Character (New York: New York Review Books, 2004), 86. 미소장
24 George M. Frederickson, White Supremacy: A Comparative Study in American and South African History (Oxford: Oxford UP, 1981), 71, 79. 미소장
25 John Strausbaugh, Black Like You: Blackface, Whiteface, Insult & Imitation in American Popular Culture (New York: Tarcher/Penguin, 2006), 5. 미소장
26 Clotaire Rapaille, The Culture Code: An Ingenious Way to Understand Why People Around the World Live and Buy as They Do (New York: Broadway Books, 2006), 33. 미소장