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Title Page

FOREWORD / MERLE CURTI

PREFACE

Contents

Chapter 1. THE ANGLO-AMERICAN LIBRARY 14

Chapter 2. CULTURAL FOUNDATIONS 22

THE INTELLECTUALS 22

Wayland 23

Everett 26

Ticknor 27

EARLY DOCUMENTS 31

Cultural and Economic Competition 32

Social Lag 34

Free Libraries and Free Schools 35

Uplift by Prevention 36

Early Philanthropy 37

ROLE OF THE NEWSPAPER AND PERIODICAL PRESS 39

Chapter 3. FROM THE "SOCIAL" LIBRARY TO THE FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY 43

LEGISLATION 43

PATTERNS OF TRANSITION 48

Coexistence of "Social" and Public Forms : Boston 50

Smooth Transition 52

Long Period of Uncertainty 54

Resistance 57

THE WEAK ECONOMIC BASE OF THE SUBSCRIPTION LIBRARY 62

Chapter 4. DEMOCRATIC STRIVINGS 64

GENERAL POLITICAL AND SOCIAL BACKGROUNDS 64

Republicanism and the Religious Heritage 64

Self-Culture 66

Forward March of Science and Technology 69

Cultural Nationalism 70

The Climate of Democracy 71

SPECIFIC CONDITIONS AND IDEAS 75

Religious Influences 75

The Informed Voter 78

The Urban-Industrial Complex 79

REACTIONS OF THE LIBRARY PROFESSION 85

Chapter 5. THE LIBRARY'S FUNCTION AS AN EDUCATOR OF THE PEOPLE 90

THE PRINTED PAGE 90

AGENCIES OF ADULT EDUCATION 92

The Lyceum 93

Chautauqua 94

University Extension 94

Women's Clubs and Women's Rights 96

THE LIBRARY AND THE PUBLIC SCHOOL 97

The Superstructure of a Free System of Education 97

Common Interests 99

The Public School From the Library Point of View 100

The Public Library From the Educator's Point of View 104

Chapter 6. THE HUMANITARIAN IDEA 110

THE UNDERPRIVILEGED 110

Brightening the Lives of the Poor 112

Temptations of the City 113

Uplift in New York 114

THE EVILS TO BE FOUGHT 115

Pernicious Literature 115

Delinquency and Crime 116

Drink 117

THE LIBRARIAN AS A HUMANITARIAN 120

Chapter 7. THE WORKINGMAN AND THE PUBLIC LIBRARY 123

THE WAGE-EARNER'S EDUCATION 123

A Changing Economy 123

Factory Libraries 124

Free Reading for Workingmen 125

Technical Education 130

The Librarian Serves Commerce and Industry 131

THE WORKER'S POINT OF VIEW 133

Labor and Its Organizations 133

The Eight-Hour Day 137

THE FARMER 139

Chapter 8. THE STIMULUS OF PHILANTHROPY 142

DEMOCRATIC, RELIGIOUS, AND HUMANITARIAN MOTIVATION 143

THE CONSERVATIVE DEFENSE 146

THE LIBRARIAN LOOKS AT PHILANTHROPY 150

THE DONORS: WHO WERE THEY? 152

Chapter 9. BIG PHILANTHROPY 155

ASTOR IN NEW YORK 155

THE LENOX LIBRARY 160

CONSOLIDATION 162

CARNEGIE IN PITTSBURGH 162

Carnegie's Social Ideas 162

Philanthropy in Pittsburgh 171

Admirers and Critics 174

Chapter 10. BOOKMEN, LIBRARIANS, AND FREE BOOKS 178

PUBLISHERS AND BOOKSELLERS 178

LIBRARIANS 179

Chapter 11. SERVICE TO MEET READERS' NEEDS 187

BUILDINGS 187

BRANCH LIBRARIES 187

ADDED SERVICE FOR THE READERS 189

HOURS OF OPENING 190

Evening Hours 191

Sunday Opening 191

BOOK SELECTION 193

Fiction 195

Censorship and Exclusion 196

Technical Books 200

Newspapers 201

Chapter 12. CONCLUSIONS 203

BIBLIOGRAPHY 207

BOOKS 207

PERIODICAL ARTICLES 214

PAMPHLETS 218

MANUSCRIPTS AND CLIPPING COLLECTIONS 224

PUBLIC DOCUMENTS 225

REPORTS OF LIBRARIES AND LIBRARY COMMISSIONS 227

NOTES 229

CHAPTER 1. THE ANGLO-AMERICAN LIBRARY SCENE 229

CHAPTER 2. CULTURAL FOUNDATIONS 230

CHAPTER 3. FROM THE "SOCIAL" LIBRARY TO THE FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY 232

CHAPTER 4. DEMOCRATIC STRIVINGS 234

CHAPTER 5. THE LIBRARY'S FUNCTION AS AN EDUCATOR OF THE PEOPLE 239

CHAPTER 6. THE HUMANITARIAN IDEA 246

CHAPTER 7. THE WORKINGMAN AND THE PUBLIC LIBRARY 250

CHAPTER 8. THE STIMULUS OF PHILANTHROPY 254

CHAPTER 9. BIG PHILANTHROPY 258

CHAPTER 10. BOOKMEN, LIBRARIANS, AND FREE BOOKS 263

CHAPTER 11. SERVICE TO MEET READERS' NEEDS 265

CHAPTER 12. CONCLUSIONS 270

INDEX 271

[Back Cover] 278

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