본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기
22대 대한민국 국회 국회정보길라잡이 국회의원검색
회원가입 로그인
HOME

정보검색

소장정보 검색

국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

결과 내 검색

동의어 포함

고급검색

인명/단체명

저자정보 상세정보
인명/단체명을 입력하세요.

키워드

  • 대표어

  • 외국어

-

목차보기

Title page 1

Contents 6

Foreword 4

Acknowledgements 5

Abbreviations and acronyms 10

Executive summary 12

1. Assessment and recommendations 13

1.1. Co-ordinate and align strategies to foster the semiconductor ecosystem 16

1.1.1. Signal Costa Rica's long-term commitment to developing the semiconductor ecosystem through an integrative approach between... 16

1.1.2. Consider establishing a multistakeholder platform to help monitor and support the overall implementation of the Semiconductors Roadmap,... 16

1.1.3. Continue developing evidence-based semiconductor policy, building on Costa Rica's rich granular data and available analytical capabilities... 17

1.2. Enhance the business environment for better integrating both local and multinational semiconductor firms into global value chains 17

1.2.1. Continue facilitating trade in semiconductors by further improving the process for registering hazardous products, accelerating the modernisation... 18

1.2.2. Promote innovation and knowledge transfer by better aligning curricula, enhancing the role of Promoter, leveraging the development bank system,... 18

1.2.3. Further develop the local semiconductor ecosystem by reducing administrative burdens for business creators and supporting start-ups and entrepreneurs,... 19

1.3. Promote the development of skills and human capital for semiconductors 20

1.3.1. Enhance the co-ordination between government, industry and academia to better align education and innovation policy with semiconductor needs... 20

1.3.2. Increase agility and streamline the process for updating curricula at universities and VET providers 21

1.3.3. Invest in talent by promoting STEM at all levels of education, including expanding access to both scientific and technical high schools and... 22

1.3.4. Tackle high dropout rates in secondary education, notably in STEM careers, by expanding support for women and students from disadvantaged... 23

1.3.5. Continue efforts to improve English language skills in the workforce by strengthening English instruction at all levels of education and... 23

1.3.6. Support the development of schoolteachers and VET trainers to keep abreast of the latest industry developments by facilitating... 24

1.3.7. Further simplify visa procedures and create dedicated pathways to attract talent for the semiconductor and other high-tech industries 24

1.3.8. Retain high-skilled talent through enhanced efforts to support innovation and entrepreneurship in the semiconductor ecosystem 24

1.3.9. Attract talent by promoting Costa Rica as a favourable destination for employment opportunities and facilitating easy integration into... 25

1.4. Invest in infrastructure needed for semiconductors 25

1.4.1. Prioritise investment in transportation and logistical infrastructure, notably roads and cargo capacity at main ports and airports 25

1.4.2. Continue efforts to provide green energy at competitive prices and ensure that both energy and water infrastructure are sustainable... 26

References 26

2. Examining the domestic semiconductor ecosystem 27

2.1. Market structure 28

2.1.1. Key players in the Costa Rican semiconductor ecosystem 28

2.1.2. Evolution of the electronics sector - Insights from macroeconomic data 31

2.1.3. Evolution of the electronics sector - Insights from granular data on recent trends and heterogeneity of the sector 33

2.2. Integration in semiconductor global value chains 42

2.2.1. Costa Rica's exports of semiconductor-related products 43

2.2.2. Insights from data on trade in value-added 45

2.2.3. Specialisation, concentration and trade dependencies 48

2.2.4. The role of the electronics sector in the domestic economy 49

2.3. Skills 53

2.3.1. Supply 54

2.3.2. Demand 65

References 70

Notes 74

3. Understanding the policy and regulatory landscape 77

3.1. Policies supporting the domestic semiconductor ecosystem 78

3.1.1. Institutional framework 78

3.1.2. Relevant national strategies, policies and actions 80

3.1.3. Conclusions 86

3.2. Key policy areas to foster the semiconductor ecosystem 87

3.2.1. Human capital 87

3.2.2. Infrastructure policies 100

3.2.3. Legal and regulatory framework 111

References 127

Notes 143

Annex A. Understanding the semiconductor value chain 146

Annex B. List of identified semiconductor-related products 149

Annex C. List of International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) manufacturing divisions (two-digit division) 152

Annex D. Science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) careers in Costa Rica 154

Annex E. Current curricula related to semiconductors 157

Annex F. List of most sought-after generic skills 159

Annex G. List of most sought-after specific skills 161

Annex H. Closest manufacturing industries to the semiconductor industry in terms of skill demand 162

Annex I. Trade analysis methodology 163

Annex J. Transportation infrastructure network in Costa Rica 165

Annex K. Infrastructure projects in Costa Rica 167

Annex L. Inward Processing and Duty Drawback regimes 169

Tables 8

Table 2.1. Key players in the Costa Rican semiconductor ecosystem, 2025 29

Table 2.2. Composition of sales (USD millions), Intel Costa Rica 30

Table 3.1. Summary of incentives and requirements of the FTZ regime for semiconductor firms 112

Table 3.2. Exemptions by location and FTZ category 113

Table 3.3. Summary of immigration pathways 124

Table 3.4. Relevant IP legislation 125

Figures 7

Figure 2.1. Sector size growth and concentration trends, 2012-2022 32

Figure 2.2. Evolution of economic activity of the Costa Rican electronics sector, 2005-2022 33

Figure 2.3. Total jobs created and total capital investment, Costa Rica's semiconductor industry, 2005-2024 33

Figure 2.4. Evolution of the workforce in the electronics and other selected sectors, 2010-2022 35

Figure 2.5. Evolution of value-added in the electronics and other selected sectors, 2010-2022 36

Figure 2.6. Average firm size in Costa Rica, selected sectoral aggregations, 2012-2022 37

Figure 2.7. Size and age firm composition in the electronics sector, 2005-2022 37

Figure 2.8. Contribution to employment and value-added by firm size in the electronics sector, 2010-2022 38

Figure 2.9. Firms in the FTZ regime and foreign firms, 2005-2022 39

Figure 2.10. Firm dynamics in the electronics sector, 2005-2021 40

Figure 2.11. Labour productivity evolution in Costa Rica, 2010-2022 40

Figure 2.12. Firm performance in the electronics sector and other high-tech industries, 2010-2022 41

Figure 2.13. Geographical distribution of electronics firms, 2005 and 2022 42

Figure 2.14. Trade balance with main foreign economies, electronics sector, 2023-2025 average 44

Figure 2.15. Top traded semiconductor products, external trade, Costa Rica, 2025 45

Figure 2.16. Domestic value-added contribution to gross exports in the electronics sector, 1995-2022 46

Figure 2.17. Share of re-exported intermediate imports in the electronics sector, 1995-2022 46

Figure 2.18. Contribution of the Costa Rican electronics sector to foreign final demand, breakdown by destination economy in the electronics sector, 2022 47

Figure 2.19. Foreign value-added of the electronics sector in Costa Rican final demand, breakdown by economy of origin in the electronics sector, 2022 48

Figure 2.20. RCA in selected economies and segments of the supply chain, 2012 and 2021 49

Figure 2.21. Number of trade dependencies by exporter economy, 2012 and 2021 49

Figure 2.22. Relative importance of suppliers and upstream industries in the electronics sector, 2009-2019 50

Figure 2.23. Relative importance of customers and downstream industries in the electronics sector, 2009-2019 51

Figure 2.24. Upstream connectedness to firms by type (foreign and domestic) in the electronics sector, 2019 52

Figure 2.25. Downstream connectedness to firms by type (foreign and domestic) in the electronics sector, 2019 52

Figure 2.26. Domestic upstream suppliers and downstream transactions by size, 2009-2019 53

Figure 2.27. Public spending in education, 2020 55

Figure 2.28. PISA scores, 2012-2022 55

Figure 2.29. Adults' educational attainment distribution, 2023 56

Figure 2.30. Income-based enrolment gaps across age groups, 2010-2022 57

Figure 2.31. STEM training composition, 2014-2022 58

Figure 2.32. STEM enrolment and graduation shares, 2014-2022 58

Figure 2.33. STEM enrolment and graduation composition for men and women, 2014-2022 59

Figure 2.34. Eligibility rates based on TEC entrance examination, 2022 60

Figure 2.35. Number of graduates in disciplines required by the semiconductor industry, 2000-2022 63

Figure 2.36. Geographic distribution of public university places, 2023 64

Figure 2.37. Net migration in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1960-2022 65

Figure 2.38. Lack of willingness to return to Costa Rica among scientific diaspora occupations, 2021 66

Figure 2.39. Most sought-after skills in the semiconductor industry, 2020-2022 67

Figure 2.40. Key occupational groups for the semiconductor industry in Costa Rica, 2011-2021 69

Figure 2.41. Semiconductor occupations in selected industries, 2021 70

Figure 3.1. Public institutions in the SNCTI 85

Figure 3.2. Costa Rican spending in higher education 91

Figure 3.3. Electricity generation sources in selected countries, 2024 (or latest year available) 101

Figure 3.4. Logistics score in selected economies, 2023 110

Figure 3.5. Contribution to exports and imports by firm size in the electronics sector 122

Figure 3.6. PCT patents related to semiconductor and other technologies in Costa Rica 126

Boxes 8

Box 2.1. Intel's development in Costa Rica 30

Box 2.2. Building on disaggregated data 34

Box 2.3. School heterogeneity performance outcomes - Insights from the Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica entrance examination 60

Box 2.4. Swedish VET system strategy 62

Box 2.5. Analysing the demand for skills in the semiconductor industry using Lightcast data 67

Box 3.1. Benefitting from the Central America-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement 84

Box 3.2. The NEWater programme in Singapore 106

Box 3.3. The Moín Container Terminal 109

Box 3.4. Foreign trade one-stop shop 115

Box 3.5. Investment one-stop shop 119

Box 3.6. Processes for business creation and registration in New Zealand and United Kingdom 120

Box 3.7. Clusters development in Costa Rica 121

Annex Tables 8

Table A B.1. Semiconductor-related products 149

Table A C.1. ISIC manufacturing (two-digit) divisions list 152

Table A D.1. STEM careers in Costa Rica 154

Table A E.1. Semiconductor-related curricula in Costa Rica 157

Table A F.1. List of most sought-after generic skills 159

Table A G.1. List of most sought-after specific skills 161

Table A K.1. Infrastructure projects in Costa Rica 167

Annex Figures 8

Figure A H.1. Closest manufacturing industries to the semiconductor industry 162

Figure A J.1. Transport infrastructure in the Greater Metropolitan Area (GAM) 165

Figure A J.2. Transport infrastructure in Costa Rica 166

Annex Boxes 9

Box A I.1. Methodological framework 163

추천서가 (다양한 추천 자료를 만나보세요)

권호기사보기

권호기사 목록 테이블로 기사명, 저자명, 페이지, 원문, 기사목차 순으로 되어있습니다.
기사명 저자명 페이지 원문 기사목차

권호

기사명 원문보기 기사목차
닫기