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Title page 1

Contents 6

Foreword 4

Acknowledgements 5

Abbreviations and acronyms 8

Executive summary 9

1. Assessment and recommendations 11

1.1. Institutional framework 14

1.1.1. Establish formal mechanisms to co-ordinate the implementation of the National Semiconductor Strategy across government... 16

1.1.2. Co-operate with international institutions, including the OECD, to develop complementary semiconductor policies and... 16

1.1.3. Prioritise specific segments of the semiconductor value chain that align with the Dominican Republic's skills and... 17

1.1.4. Enhance monitoring and evaluation capabilities to enable periodic updates to the National Semiconductor Strategy and... 17

1.2. Free zone regime 18

1.2.1. Consider updating the eligibility criteria for free zone firms and complementing the tax exemptions with targeted incentives... 18

1.2.2. Facilitate the process for firms to establish operations in the free zone regime 18

1.2.3. Promote linkages between the free zone regime and local economy 19

1.2.4. Increase the availability of industrial land, through initiatives including but not limited to Santo Domingo 2050,... 19

1.3. Business environment 20

1.3.1. Nominate one government agency to be responsible for guiding semiconductor firms through the FDI and export processes and... 20

1.3.2. Expedite the construction and environmental permitting processes to reduce the regulatory burden on semiconductor and... 20

1.3.3. Clarify the impact of expropriation provisions and foreign investment restrictions on foreign investors, including semiconductor firms 21

1.3.4. Remove the remaining tariffs on semiconductor-related products and consider signing the Information Technology Agreement 2 21

1.3.5. Diversify semiconductor-related imports by fostering trade partnerships and conducting supply chain risk assessments... 22

1.3.6. Support access to finance for semiconductor and other advanced manufacturing firms and industrial parks 22

1.4. Science, technology and innovation 22

1.4.1. Establish robust STI indicators that adhere to international statistical standards 23

1.4.2. Introduce an R&D tax credit to incentivise firms' investment in R&D 23

1.4.3. Significantly reform the National Fund for Innovation and Scientific and Technological Development (FONDOCYT) to improve the... 23

1.5. Infrastructure 24

1.5.1. Ensure sufficient electricity supply for semiconductor and microelectronics firms by increasing renewables generation and... 24

1.5.2. Expand electricity transmission infrastructure to integrate renewables and upgrade distribution infrastructure to reduce... 24

1.5.3. Incentivise investment in rainwater harvesting, water and wastewater treatment infrastructure 25

References 26

Notes 28

2. Examining the domestic advanced manufacturing ecosystem 29

2.1. Market structure 30

2.1.1. Macroeconomic environment 30

2.1.2. The electronics and advanced manufacturing ecosystem in the Dominican Republic 31

2.2. Enabling conditions for the development of a semiconductor and microelectronics ecosystem 39

2.2.1. Integration into global value chains 39

2.2.2. Foreign direct investment 42

References 46

Notes 48

3. Understanding the policy and regulatory landscape 50

3.1. Institutional framework 51

3.1.1. Co-ordination across institutions 51

3.1.2. Alignment with other strategies 54

3.1.3. International collaboration 54

3.1.4. Priorities for the National Semiconductor Strategy 55

3.1.5. Policy monitoring and evaluation 55

3.2. The free zone regime 56

3.2.1. Free zone incentives 56

3.2.2. Free zone administrative processes 59

3.2.3. Linkages between the free zone regime and local economy 61

3.2.4. Industrial park land constraints 63

3.3. Business environment 66

3.3.1. Investment promotion 66

3.3.2. Investment legal framework 69

3.3.3. Trade and customs 70

3.3.4. Permitting 72

3.3.5. Finance 75

3.4. Science, technology and innovation 76

3.4.1. STI challenges 77

3.4.2. National Innovation Policy 2030 80

3.4.3. Fundamentals for enhancing the STI ecosystem 81

3.5. Infrastructure 82

3.5.1. Electricity 82

3.5.2. Water 89

References 92

Notes 107

Annex A. Understanding the semiconductor value chain 108

Annex B. List of identified semiconductor-related products 111

Annex C. Shift-share decomposition analysis 114

Tables 7

Table 3.1. Selected government agencies affiliated with the MICM 51

Table 3.2. Selected government agencies with a stake in semiconductor ecosystem development 52

Table 3.3. Tax Exemptions under the Dominican Republic's free zone regime 57

Table 3.4. Minimum processes required for firms to establish operations under free zone regime 60

Table 3.5. Comparison of possible locations for semiconductor and microelectronics clusters in the Dominican Republic 65

Table 3.6. One-stop shops in the Dominican Republic 68

Table 3.7. Dominican Republic tariffs on semiconductor-related products 70

Table 3.8. Environmental permitting in the Dominican Republic 74

Figures 7

Figure 2.1. Evolution of real GDP and headline inflation in selected economies, 2010-2024 31

Figure 2.2. Distribution of number of firms in advanced manufacturing sectors, 2015 and 2023 33

Figure 2.3. Distribution of advanced manufacturing firms in the Dominican Republic, 2023 33

Figure 2.4. Distribution of employees by gender and sector in advanced manufacturing sectors, 2016-2022 34

Figure 2.5. Evolution of the main economic variables, advanced and other manufacturing, 2016-2022 35

Figure 2.6. Profitability in advanced manufacturing sectors, 2021-2022 37

Figure 2.7. Labour productivity by firm size, advanced manufacturing and other manufacturing, 2022 38

Figure 2.8. Correlation between labour productivity and capital intensity, 2022 39

Figure 2.9. Trade in semiconductor-related products 41

Figure 2.10. Import concentration for selected semiconductor-related products 43

Figure 2.11. Foreign direct investment, net inflows 44

Figure 2.12. FDI flows to the Dominican Republic by country and sector, 2010-2024 45

Figure 2.13. Greenfield investment by sector, January 2003-May 2024 45

Figure 3.1. PCT patents related to semiconductor and other technologies in the Dominican Republic 79

Figure 3.2. PCT patents per capita in selected countries and periods 80

Figure 3.3. Electricity generation sources in selected countries 84

Boxes 7

Box 1.1. The Dominican Republic's National Semiconductor Strategy 15

Box 2.1. National datasets used in this report 32

Box 3.1. The Dominican Republic's Fiscal Responsibility Law 59

Box 3.2. The Santo Domingo 2050 initiative 64

Box 3.3. The Zero Bureaucracy Programme 73

Box 3.4. The Dominican Republic's sovereign green bond 87

Annex Tables 111

Table A B.1. List of semiconductor-related products 111

출판사 책소개

알라딘제공
In 2024, the Dominican Republic declared the development of its domestic semiconductor ecosystem to be a "high national priority", aiming to capitalise on shifts in the global semiconductor supply chain towards greater diversification and resilience.

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