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Title page 1

Contents 6

Foreword 4

Acknowledgements 5

Executive summary 7

Introduction 9

The Economic context in Yemen 9

The EU-OECD Project "Promoting Economic Resilience in Yemen" 11

1. Domestic Revenue Mobilisation 14

Context and Overview 15

Current Challenges 20

Policy Priorities 22

2. The Financial Sector 27

Context and Overview 28

Current Challenges 34

Policy Priorities 38

3. Capacity for Economic Data Collection and Analysis 45

Context and Overview 46

Current Challenges 48

Policy Priorities 50

4. Effective PPD in the context of Yemen (GRC/MEA) 53

The private sector in Yemen: structure, challenges and opportunities 54

The Establishment of a Sound Public-Private Dialogue (PPD) Mechanism 58

Policy Considerations for the Private Sector 65

References 67

Tables 6

Table 4.1. Main public stakeholders networked to PPD processes 59

Table 4.2. Main private stakeholders networked to PPD processes 60

Figures 6

Figure 1.1. Yemen's government revenue 15

Figure 1.2. Actual revenues for FY2022 and FY2023 with 2023 forecast 16

Figure 1.3. 2023 Revenue collections (per income category) 17

Figure 1.4. The "Oil curse": Oil dependence and long-run GDP per capita growth 21

Figure 2.1. The significant expansion of the Yemeni money exchange sector 31

Figure 2.2. Borrowing trends in the Arab World 32

Figure 4.1. Net FDI Inflows, Net Remittances, 2001-2019 64

Boxes 19

Box 1.1. Tax capacity-building activities implemented under the EU-OECD Project on Promoting Economic Resilience in Yemen (2022-2024) 19

Box 2.1. Bank regulatory and supervisory measures implemented by the CBY-Aden in 2021-2022 29

Box 4.1. OECD's PPD Methodology 54

Box 4.2. Public-Private Dialogue in Conflict-Affected Situations: Lessons from Libya 61

Box 4.3. State of Play in the Energy, Trade, and Investment Sectors: Catalysts for Private Sector Development 62

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알라딘제공
Drawing on analytical work and stakeholder engagement conducted under the EU-OECD project "Promoting Economic Resilience in Yemen", this report examines the country's persistent structural economic challenges, including sustained fiscal pressures, fragmentation within the financial sector, significant gaps in national statistics, and constrained opportunities for private-sector activity. It provides targeted recommendations to strengthen revenue mobilisation and public financial management, rebuild trust and stability in the financial system, enhance national capacities for economic data collection and analysis, and support economic diversification.