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Title page 1

Contents 6

Foreword 4

Acknowledgements 5

Abbreviations and acronyms 8

Executive summary 10

1. Assessment and recommendations 12

Institutional framework and capacity for regulatory policy 13

Evidence-informed regulations 14

Stakeholder engagement and transparency 15

Regulatory delivery 15

Multi-level governance for regulatory coherence 16

Agile regulatory governance 17

Note 18

2. The context of regulatory policy in Peru 19

Introduction 20

The administrative landscape in Peru 20

Background for regulatory policy in Peru 20

References 21

3. Institutional framework and capacity for regulatory policy 22

Introduction 23

Commitment to strengthen regulatory policy and core principles 23

Institutional landscape 24

Capacities for regulatory policy 26

Progress by Peru in implementing the RPC recommendations 27

References 28

4. Evidence-informed regulations 29

Introduction 30

Development of new regulations 30

RIA in Peru 30

Oversight of RIA 32

Ex post evaluation 33

Progress by Peru in implementing the RPC recommendations 35

5. Stakeholder engagement and transparency 37

Stakeholder engagement in Peru 38

Access to existing regulations 39

Reference 41

Note 41

6. Regulatory delivery 42

Introduction 43

Compliance with regulations 43

Regulatory delivery, enforcement, and inspections 43

The governance of economic regulators 45

Appeals 48

References 49

Notes 49

7. Multi-level governance for regulatory coherence 50

Introduction 51

The interface between the national and sub-national level 51

The interface between the national and supranational level 55

Progress by Peru in implementing the RPC recommendations 57

Reference 58

Notes 58

8. Agile regulatory governance 59

Introduction 60

The legal and institutional landscape for agile regulatory governance 60

National strategies and initiatives for agile regulatory governance 60

Analytical and institutional capacities for agile regulatory governance 62

Note 62

Tables 7

Table 3.1. Main developments in Regulatory Policy, Peru 23

Table 3.2. Key institutions for regulatory policy in Peru 24

Table 3.3. Regulatory oversight functions 26

Figures 7

Figure 5.1. Stakeholder engagement in developing subordinate regulations, 2022 38

Figure 6.1. Indicators on the Governance of Sector Regulators (2018, Peru) 46

Figure 6.2. Indicators on the Governance of Sector Regulators 2018, Peru and OECD average 47

Figure 7.1. Exclusive legal powers by level of government in Peru 53

Figure 7.2. Shared legal powers between level of government in Peru 53

Boxes 31

Box 4.1. Components of RIA in Peru 31

Box 7.1. Legal framework for regulatory powers at sub-national levels of government in Peru 51