Figure 1.1. A majority across the OECD view the cost of living as among the three most important issues facing their country, while more than... 18

Figure 1.2. About four in ten people across the OECD have high or moderately high trust in the national government 21

Figure 1.3. On average across the OECD, the share that place high or moderately high trust in the national government has remained... 22

Figure 1.4. Increases and declines in trust levels in Greece have become more pronounced since the early 2010s 24

Figure 1.5. The share with high or moderately high trust among individuals that identify corruption as a main concern is substantially lower... 26

Figure 1.6. A slight majority is confident that government institutions are prepared to protect people's lives in a major emergency,... 27

Figure 1.7. Only around one third of people feel people like them have a say in what government does and that the national government... 28

Figure 1.8. In many OECD countries a majority is satisfied with administrative services and the protection of personal data by government agencies 29

Figure 1.9. The drivers of trust in national government in 2025 30

Figure 1.10. Changes in perceptions of public governance drivers related to complex decision making account for the largest share of changes... 32

Figure 1.11. A majority across the OECD have high or moderately high trust in security and judicial institutions 34

Figure 1.12. Police, courts and the armed forces are the most trusted public institutions in many countries 35

Figure 1.13. Local governments and the national civil service are usually trusted more than national governments 36

Figure 1.14. Trust in local government and the civil service has been stable 37

Figure 1.15. The drivers of trust in local government in 2025 38

Figure 1.16. The drivers of trust in the civil service in 2025 39

Figure 2.1. Trust in the national government varies more strongly along perceived political agency and partisan lines than across socio-economic... 49

Figure 2.2. People who feel they have political agency express higher trust in the national government 50

Figure 2.3. Trust in the national government tends to be higher among voters for a current governing party 51

Figure 2.4. Institutional trust differs systematically by partisanship 52

Figure 2.5. Trust gaps in the civil service by partisanship have increased over time 53

Figure 2.6. Across all countries, fewer people with financial concerns trust the national government 55

Figure 2.7. People with lower educational attainment almost universally have lower trust in government 56

Figure 2.8. Trust in national government of those self-identifying as belonging to a discriminated group varies consistently across countries 57

Figure 2.9. Trust gaps by interpersonal trust are comparatively larger for political institutions, 2025 58

Figure 2.10. Men tend to trust the national government more than women do 59

Figure 2.11. Trust in the national government is usually higher among older people 60

Figure 2.12. Trust gaps remain broadly stable over time, with narrowing age differences and widening education divides 61

Figure 2.13. Education-related trust gaps are widening over time, but with substantial variation across countries 63

Figure 3.1. A majority of recent service users across the OECD are satisfied with the education and healthcare systems 71

Figure 3.2. Satisfaction with the education and healthcare system rose modestly over the past two years 72

Figure 3.3. In each OECD country, a majority of recent administrative services users are satisfied with these services 73

Figure 3.4. Satisfaction with administrative services has improved slightly over recent years 74

Figure 3.5. Across the OECD countries a majority have positive views of different administrative service quality aspects 76

Figure 3.6. People who are satisfied with the speed and ease of accessing the administrative service remain particularly likely to be satisfied... 77

Figure 3.7. An important majority see information on administrative services as easily available 79

Figure 3.8. Around half of the population in OECD countries expect fair treatment when applying for government benefits or services 80

Figure 3.9. In OECD and OECD accession countries, more people find it unlikely than find it likely that a government employee would turn down... 81

Figure 3.10. Recent contact with administrative services appears to boost perceptions of day-to-day interactions and even trust in the civil... 82

Figure 3.11. At the country level, the share who find it likely that a public employee would help individuals fix mistakes in applications is far more... 84

Figure 3.12. The share of people who view public services as responsive to complaints and to innovative ideas are similar in most countries 85

Figure 3.13. The share who view public services as responsive across OECD countries has slightly risen since 2021 86

Figure 4.1. A majority is confident in the ability of government to protect lives in emergencies, larger than the share who believe government... 93

Figure 4.2. Across countries, more people think government institutions can protect lives in an emergency than support individuals affected... 94

Figure 4.3. Nearly four in ten are confident in their government reducing GhG emissions, slightly higher than the share confident that their... 96

Figure 4.4. People's opinions about government being evidence-informed and planning ahead to changing societal needs are related 98

Figure 4.5. Only around four in ten people find it likely that an unpopular policy would be changed, but this share is increasing over time 99

Figure 4.6. There are few countries where a majority is confident that government co-operates well with other stakeholders to tackle long-term challenges 100

Figure 4.7. There are more people who find it unlikely than people who find it likely that a politician would refuse a well-paid private sector job... 101

Figure 4.8. Only around one third think government withstands undue influence - a small increase from 2023 102

Figure 5.1. Around four in ten people have moderately or very positive views about the potential of AI use by government institutions 109

Figure 5.2. People are more likely to believe that AI in the public sector can improve service quality and efficiency than to believe it will be fair,... 111

Figure 5.3. Use cases appear most present in public service design and delivery, civic participation, and justice administration 112

Figure 5.4. Socio-economic and demographic characteristics are associated with varying levels of optimism/pessimism towards AI use in the public sector 117

Figure 5.5. Four in ten people across the OECD assess their knowledge of artificial intelligence as sufficiently strong to explain it to others 118

Figure 5.6. Familiarity with AI is associated with more positive expectations towards AI use in the public sector 119

Figure 5.7. People who find it likely that government appropriately regulates new technologies to help businesses and citizens use them responsibly... 121

Figure 5.8. Around four in ten find it likely that government adequately regulates new technologies 122

Figure 5.9. Just over half across the OECD find it likely that government agencies use personal data for legitimate purposes 124

Figure 6.1. Voting is the most common form of political activity across countries, followed by signing petitions and boycotting products 132

Figure 6.2. A vast majority believe voting in elections and referendums can influence government 133

Figure 6.3. In almost all OECD and OECD accession countries, only a minority feel confident in their own ability to participate in politics and... 134

Figure 6.4. Government is perceived as unlikely to adopt public opinions expressed in consultations 135

Figure 6.5. Around three in ten of people who did not vote in any election or participate in public consultations or townhall meetings chose not to do so 137

Figure 6.6. The perception that political officials are out of touch is seen as a top barrier to having an effective say in policymaking 138

Figure 6.7. Broadcast journalism and social media are the most frequent sources of information about politics and current affairs 140

Figure 6.8. Perceptions of engagement opportunities with officials are only slightly related to trust in the national government, while officials' concern... 141

Figure 7.1. Almost half of the population across OECD and accession countries, on average, report low or no trust in national legislatures 147

Figure 7.2. On average and in many individual countries, fewer people have high or moderately high trust in the national legislature than in national government 148

Figure 7.3. Trust in the national legislature has been relatively stable across the OECD since 2021 149

Figure 7.4. The share with high or moderately high trust in the national legislature is particularly low among individuals who do not believe people... 150

Figure 7.5. The gap in trust in the national legislature associated with perceptions on whether people have a say in what government does is substantial... 151

Figure 7.6. The partisan gap for trust in the legislature is pronounced in many countries 152

Figure 7.7. Feeling economically insecure is generally associated with lower trust in national legislatures 153

Figure 7.8. Men and older cohorts show higher levels of trust in national legislatures than women and younger people 154

Figure 7.9. The trust gap in the national legislature associated with differences in educational attainment has increased over time 155

Figure 7.10. Drivers of trust in national legislatures in 2025 156

Figure 7.11. Slightly more than one in three people across the OECD find it likely that the national legislature appropriately balances between the needs... 157

Figure 7.12. On average, only about one-third believe that if they contacted elected representatives, they would receive a meaningful response 159

Figure 7.13. Close to 40% believe that the legislature can hold governments accountable 160