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동의어 포함

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Title page 1

Contents 6

Foreword 4

Acknowledgements 5

Reader's guide 10

Executive summary 17

Chapter 1. Tourism trends, performance and outlook 19

Tourism resilience being tested by uncertainty 20

Uncertain outlook shaped by developments in the Middle East 27

Toward more balanced, sustainable and resilient tourism outcomes 30

References 34

Note 35

Chapter 2. Tourism policies, priorities and governance 36

Strengthening governance for improved tourism management 37

Harnessing data for informed tourism decision making 41

Deploying new technologies to boost tourism innovation 44

Improving the enabling environment for tourism businesses 46

Diversifying the tourism economy for balanced tourism development 49

Promoting seamless and resilient tourism transport 51

Addressing the environmental pressures shaping tourism 53

Broadening participation and unlocking the potential of accessible tourism 55

Mobilising financing and investment for tourism development 57

References 59

Chapter 3. Enhancing the social benefits of tourism 62

Understanding the social impacts of tourism 63

Fostering tourism that promotes economic and social prosperity 69

Policy considerations to enhance the social benefits of tourism 84

References 86

Notes 91

Chapter 4. Adapting tourism to extreme weather-related events 92

Trends in changing weather conditions and extreme weather-related events 93

Impacts of extreme weather-related events on tourism 94

Measures to minimise the impacts of extreme weather-related events on tourism 98

Policy considerations to prepare tourism for extreme weather-related events 108

References 110

Note 112

Part I. OECD country profiles 113

Australia 114

Austria 118

Belgium 122

Canada 127

Chile 131

Colombia 135

Costa Rica 139

Czechia 143

Denmark 147

Estonia 151

Finland 155

France 159

Germany 163

Greece 167

Hungary 171

Iceland 175

Ireland 179

Israel 183

Italy 187

Japan 191

Korea 195

Latvia 199

Lithuania 203

Luxembourg 207

Mexico 210

Netherlands 214

New Zealand 218

Norway 222

Poland 226

Portugal 230

Slovak Republic 234

Slovenia 238

Spain 242

Sweden 246

Switzerland 250

Türkiye 254

United Kingdom 258

United States 262

Part II. Partner country profiles 266

Argentina 267

Brazil 271

Bulgaria 275

Croatia 279

Egypt 283

Indonesia 287

Malta 291

Montenegro 295

Morocco 299

Peru 303

Romania 307

Saudi Arabia 311

Serbia 315

South Africa 319

Thailand 323

Tables 23

Table 1.1. International travel receipts and expenditure in OECD and partner countries, 2019, 2023, 2024 23

Table 1.2. International tourist arrivals in OECD and partner countries, 2019, 2023, 2024, 2025 25

Figures 21

Figure 1.1. Contribution of tourism to GDP in OECD countries 21

Figure 1.2. Contribution of tourism to employment in OECD countries 21

Figure 1.3. Contribution of tourism to service exports in OECD countries 22

Figure 1.4. International tourist arrivals in OECD countries 24

Figure 1.5. Domestic and inbound tourism expenditure in OECD countries 27

Figure 1.6. Seasonality in OECD countries 31

Figure 1.7. Regional spread in tourist nights in OECD countries 32

Figure 1.8. Length of stay in OECD countries 33

Figure 1.9. Carbon emissions from passenger aviation in OECD countries 34

Figure 3.1. Tourism intensity varies significantly between regions within countries 68

Boxes 38

Box 2.1. Driving tourism action with targeted tourism strategies and action plans 38

Box 2.2. Harnessing official data through tourism information systems in Chile 43

Box 2.3. Innovating the domestic tourism process with AI in Korea 45

Box 2.4. Fast-evolving support landscape of tourism incubators and accelerators 48

Box 2.5. Using the 2026 FIFA World Cup to showcase tourism destinations in the United States 50

Box 2.6. Managing tourist flows in France 51

Box 2.7. Implementing a tourism climate adaptation plan in Ireland 54

Box 3.1. Evidence of the impact of short-term tourism rentals on housing - selected examples 66

Box 3.2. Participatory approaches to tourism strategy development - selected country examples 71

Box 3.3. Tourism Corridor Strategy Program in Canada 73

Box 3.4. Respect the City initiative in Dubrovnik, Croatia 74

Box 3.5. Upskilling and reskilling tourism workers in Greece 79

Box 3.6. Measuring the socio-economic impacts of tourism - selected examples 83

Box 4.1. Tourism vulnerability to extreme weather events - Jasper wildfires, Canada 96

Box 4.2. Destination RiskScan to empower destinations to address extreme weather-related risks 99

Box 4.3. Adaptation strategies as a tool to prepare for extreme weather-related events - selected country approaches 102

Box 4.4. Financing instruments to minimise the impacts of extreme weather-related events - selected country examples 104

Box 4.5. Capacity building to enhance tourism sector resilience - selected country examples 106