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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

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Title page 1

Contents 4

Foreword 5

Abbreviations 6

Executive summary 8

Introduction 14

Methods 16

Overview of health-care and health information systems in Nepal 19

Airborne diseases 22

Tuberculosis 22

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) 29

HIV/AIDS and syphilis: shared features 32

HIV/AIDS 33

Syphilis 36

Gonorrhoea 37

Hepatitis: shared features 38

Hepatitis B 40

Hepatitis C 41

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) 42

Leprosy 47

Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) 50

Chikungunya 50

Dengue 52

Zika 54

Leishmaniasis 55

Lymphatic filariasis 58

Malaria 60

Other infectious diseases 64

Food-, waterborne and zoonotic diseases 65

Cholera 65

Enteric fever (Salmonella Typhi/typhoid) 68

Leptospirosis 71

Scrub typhus 74

General recommendations 77

References 79

Annex 83

Tables 21

Table 1. Disease coverage of surveillance systems in Nepal 21

Table 2. NTPMIS modules in Nepal 25

Table 3. Summary of variables used in EWARS and HMIS 52

Figures 20

Fig. 1. Data flow for EWARS notifiable diseases in Nepal 20

Fig. 2. TB recording and reporting tools 24

Fig. 3. National TB Programme MIS 25

Fig. 4. Data flow for TB surveillance in Nepal 26

Fig. 5. TB data flow diagram in Nepal 26

Fig. 6. Endemicity status of districts in 2023 for kala-azar in Nepal 55

Fig. 7. Reported number of clinically diagnosed typhoid cases to the Department of Health Services by districts in Nepal in 2016 68

Fig. 8. Geographical surveillance of leptospirosis in Nepal (2016) 71