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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

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Title page 1

Contents 4

Foreword 5

Abbreviations 6

Executive summary 8

Introduction 12

Methods 14

Overview of health-care and health information systems in Bhutan 17

Cross-cutting surveillance system features 21

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) 24

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): cross-cutting features 25

HIV/syphilis: cross-cutting features 27

HIV/AIDS 28

Syphilis 31

Gonorrhoea 33

Hepatitis: cross-cutting features 35

Hepatitis B 36

Hepatitis C 38

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) 40

Leprosy 41

Vector-borne diseases (VBDs): cross-cutting features 45

Chikungunya 45

Dengue 48

Zika 51

Leishmaniasis 53

Malaria 56

Lymphatic filariasis 61

Other infectious diseases 63

Food-, waterborne and zoonotic diseases: cross-cutting surveillance issues 64

Cholera 65

Enteric fever (Salmonella Typhi/typhoid) 69

Leptospirosis 71

Scrub typhus 73

Airborne diseases 76

Tuberculosis 76

Syndromes 81

Influenza-like illness (ILI) 82

General recommendations 85

References 87

Annex 90

Tables 18

Table 1. Disease coverage of surveillance systems in Bhutan 18

Table 2. STI policies and plans in Bhutan 25

Table 3. Different levels of HIV testing facilities in Bhutan 28

Table 4. Objectives of influenza surveillance in Bhutan 82

Figures 19

Fig. 1. Information flow of health-related data in Bhutan 19

Fig. 2. Flowchart for reporting weekly and immediately notifiable diseases in Bhutan 20

Fig. 3. Data flow and reporting for HIV/AIDS surveillance in Bhutan 30

Fig. 4. Leishmania case reporting form in Bhutan 54

Fig. 5. Reporting and feedback flowchart in Bhutan 58

Fig. 6. Communication flowchart for malaria preparedness 59

Fig. 7. Reporting of foodborne disease surveillance data by health-care centres in Bhutan 66

Fig. 8. Flow of information for reporting of cholera cases in Bhutan 67

Fig. 9. Access rights in the TbISS platform in Bhutan 77

Fig. 10. Data flow in the TB programme in Bhutan 78

Fig. 11. Data flow for ILI surveillance in Bhutan 83