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보고서 요약서 2

국문 요약문 3

SUMMARY 4

제1장 연구개발과제의 개요 9

1.1. 연구개발 목적 9

가. 최종목적 10

나. 세부목적 11

1.2. 연구개발의 필요성 11

가. 개요 11

나. 경제 및 산업적 중요성 14

1.3. 연구개발 범위 19

제2장 국내외 기술 개발 현황 21

2.1. 국내 21

2.2. 국외 22

제3장 연구 수행 내용 및 성과 25

3.1. 어미 확보 가능성 검토 25

가. 실내사육 시스템 구축 25

나. 은대구의 실내순치 31

다. 어미 확보의 가능성 조사 37

3.2. 사육환경 시험 60

가. 치어 확보 60

나. 적정 사육환경 확립을 위한 스트레스 지표 67

다. 적정 사육환경 검토 77

3.3. 양식을 위한 기틀 마련 127

가. 질병발생 검토 127

나. 먹이조사 141

다. 양식을 위한 기술 확립 145

제4장 목표 달성도 및 관련 분야 기여도 165

4.1. 목표 달성도 165

4.2. 관련 분야 기여도 166

제5장 연구개발성과의 활용계획 167

5.1. 기업지원을 통한 산업화 기반 마련 167

5.2. 기업화 추진 방향 168

5.3. 어미 확보를 위한 계속적인 연구 168

5.4. 은대구 양식의 산업화 169

5.5. 타 연구에 응용 170

제6장 연구 과정에서 수집한 해외 과학기술 정보 171

6.1. 개발대상 종의 현황 및 사례분석 171

6.2. 선행 기술 보유국의 연구동향 및 기술 실태 분석 173

가. 태평양 해양생물 연구소(PBS/DFO) 173

나. 캐나다 해양연구소(IOS/DFO) 175

다. 북서태평양수산과학센터 (NFSC/NOAA) 175

라. Sablefish Canada Inc. (민간종묘장) 177

마. Troutlodge Inc. (민간양식장) 178

제7장 연구개발성과의 보안등급 180

제8장 국가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구시설ㆍ장비 현황 181

제9장 연구개발과제 수행에 따른 연구실 등의 안전 조치 이행 실적 182

제10장 연구개발과제의 대표적 연구 실적 183

제11장 기타 사항 185

제12장 참고문헌 186

표목차

[Table 1.2-1] Characteristics of sablefish life cycle 13

[Table 1.3-1] Scope of research development 20

[Table 3.1-1] Check list of sablefish rearing system 33

[Table 3.1-2] Feed size according to fish size 34

[Table 3.1-3] Analysed specimens and morphometric characteristics of the sablefish 39

[Table 3.1-4] Sex ratio of the sablefish 43

[Table 3.1-5] Sexual characteristics of the sablefish 44

[Table 3.2-1] Inports of sablefish 65

[Table 3.2-2] Index of hematological parameters in the sablefish raised at water temperature 9~11℃ 73

[Table 3.2-3] Index of inorganic plasma components in the sablefish raised at water temperature 9~11℃ 74

[Table 3.2-4] Index of organic plasma components in the sablefish raised at water temperature 9~11℃ 74

[Table 3.2-5] Index of enzymatic plasma components in the sablefish raised at water temperature 9~11℃ 75

[Table 3.2-6] Antioxidant index in liver and gill of sablefish raised at water temperature 9~11℃ 75

[Table 3.2-7] Immunity index in liver and gill of sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria raised at water temperature 9~11℃ 75

[Table 3.2-8] Heat shock protein (HSP) index in liver and gill of sablefish raised at water temperature 9~11℃ 76

[Table 3.2-9] Index of stress assessment in sablefish 77

[Table 3.2-10] Changes of hematological parameters in sablefish exposed to the different levels of density for 4 months 100

[Table 3.2-11] Changes of inorganic components in sablefish exposed to the different levels of density for 4 months 100

[Table 3.2-12] Changes of organic components in sablefish exposed to the different levels of density for 4 months 101

[Table 3.2-13] Changes of enzymatic components in sablefish exposed to the different levels of density for 4 months 101

[Table 3.2-14] Changes of hematological parameters in sablefish exposed to the different levels of photoperiod for 4 months 107

[Table 3.2-15] Changes of inorganic components in sablefish exposed to the different levels of photoperiod for 4 months 107

[Table 3.2-16] Changes of organic components in sablefish exposed to the different levels of photoperiod for 4 months 108

[Table 3.2-17] Changes of enzymatic components in sablefish exposed to the different levels of photoperiod for 4 months 108

[Table 3.2-18] Analyzed waterborne ammonia concentration from each source 111

[Table 3.2-19] Changes of inorganic plasma components in sablefish exposed to ammonia for 2 months 114

[Table 3.2-20] Changes of organic plasma components in sablefish exposed to ammonia for 2 months 115

[Table 3.2-21] Changes of enzymatic plasma components in sablefish exposed to ammonia for 2 months 115

[Table 3.2-22] Analyzed waterborne ammonia concentration from each source 118

[Table 3.3-1] PCR primer used for bacterial screening 127

[Table 3.3-2] PCR condition used for bacterial screening 127

[Table 3.3-3] PCR primer used for virus screening 128

[Table 3.3-4] Result of bacterial screening 131

[Table 3.3-5] Test results of spherical particle 136

[Table 3.3-6] Result of bacterial screening 140

[Table 3.3-7] Feed ingredients 142

[Table 3.3-8] Seeding cost per seawater area 159

[Table 3.3-9] Feed cost per seawater area 159

[Table 3.3-10] Labor cost per seawater area 160

[Table 3.3-11] Drug cost per seawater area 160

[Table 3.3-12] Power cost per seawater area 161

[Table 3.3-13] Fuel cost per seawater area 161

[Table 3.3-14] Depreciation cost per seawater area 162

[Table 3.3-15] Cost of culturing flounder and sablefish 163

[Table 3.3-16] Net profit of flounder and sablefish 164

[Table 5.2-1] Procedures for commercializing sablefish culture 168

[Table 5.4-1] Patents through technology development 170

그림목차

[Fig. 1.1-1] Developmental pattern by development of new aquaculture target species 10

[Fig. 1.2-1] Sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) 13

[Fig. 1.2-2] Sablefish food 14

[Fig. 1.2-3] Distribution and fishing area of sablefish (IFQ: Individual fishing quotas) 15

[Fig. 1.2-4] Price trend of japan 16

[Fig. 1.2-5] Nutrition composition of sablefish 17

[Fig. 1.2-6] Market scale of USA (Alaska) 17

[Fig. 1.2-7] Production and unit price of sablefish (1980~2002) 18

[Fig. 2.2-1] Fish farm of sablefish 23

[Fig. 2.2-2] Fertilized egg and larval 24

[Fig. 3.1-1] Design of recirculating cooling system 25

[Fig. 3.1-2] Total design of recirculating cooling system 26

[Fig. 3.1-3] Flow chart of recirculating cooling system 26

[Fig. 3.1-4] Recirculating cooling system 27

[Fig. 3.1-5] Installation place of sablefish rearing system 28

[Fig. 3.1-6] Construction of sablefish rearing system 28

[Fig. 3.1-7] Cooling system of sablefish rearing system 29

[Fig. 3.1-8] Filtration and recirculation of sablefish rearing system 29

[Fig. 3.1-9] Operation of sablefish rearing system 30

[Fig. 3.1-10] Rearing tank of sablefish 30

[Fig. 3.1-11] Supply system of rearing seawater 31

[Fig. 3.1-12] Tank size for proper density 31

[Fig. 3.1-13] Large tank 32

[Fig. 3.1-14] Medium tank 32

[Fig. 3.1-15] Small tank 33

[Fig. 3.1-16] Sablefish feed 34

[Fig. 3.1-17]/[Fig. 3.2-17] Transplantation of sablefish fry 35

[Fig. 3.1-18] Adaptation of sablefish fry 36

[Fig. 3.1-19] Rearing of sablefish fry 36

[Fig. 3.1-20] Rearing of young sablefish 37

[Fig. 3.1-21] Anatomy and gonad morphology of the sablefish (TL:43.1±3.73cm). A: anatomy, B: ovary, C: testis. Go, gonad; In, intestine; L, liver; Pc, pyloric caeca; S, stomach 42

[Fig. 3.1-22] Gonad histological structure of the sablefish. A: ovary, B: testis. Oc: oocyte, Sg: spermatogonia 43

[Fig. 3.1-23] Sex ratio of the sablefish 43

[Fig. 3.1-24] Gonadosomatic index (GSI) of the sablefish 44

[Fig. 3.1-25] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 1, TL: 42.3cm, TW: 913.6g). Sd, spermatids; Sg, spermatogonia 45

[Fig. 3.1-26] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 2, TL: 42.4cm, TW: 777.2g). Sg, spermatogonia 45

[Fig. 3.1-27] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 3. (TL: 38.1cm, TW: 450.9g). Sg, spermatogonia 46

[Fig. 3.1-28] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 4. (TL: 46.0cm, TW: 921.3g). Oc, oocyte 46

[Fig. 3.1-29] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 5. (TL: 37.8cm, TW: 514.2g). Sg, spermatogonia 47

[Fig. 3.1-30] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 6. (TL: 45.0cm, TW: 855.9g). Oc, oocyte 47

[Fig. 3.1-31] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 7. (TL: 51.0cm, TW: 1092.6g). Oc, oocyte 48

[Fig. 3.1-32] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 8. (TL: 43.7cm, TW: 798.6g). Sg, spermatogonia 48

[Fig. 3.1-33] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 9. (TL: 43.0cm, TW: 698.8g). Sg, spermatogonia 49

[Fig. 3.1-34] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 10. (TL: 40.2cm, TW: 579.2g). Sd, spermatids; Sg, spermatogonia 49

[Fig. 3.1-35] Morphology and sexual development state of gonad in the sablefish (No. 11. (TL: 41.5cm, TW: 638.9g). Sg, spermatogonia 50

[Fig. 3.1-36] Gonad development frequency of female in the sablefish 50

[Fig. 3.1-37] Gonad development frequency of male in the sablefish 51

[Fig. 3.1-38] Anatomy and digestive tract morphology of the sablefish (TL: 43.14±3.73cm). Es: esophagus, In: intestine, L: liver, Pc: pyloric caeca, S: stomach. (scale bar: 30mm) 52

[Fig. 3.1-39] Histological structure of the esophagus in the sablefish. A and B: Masson's trichrome stain. C: H-E stain. D: AB-PAS (pH 2.5) reaction. Ec: epithelial cell, Mc: mucous cell, Mf: mucosal... 58

[Fig. 3.1-40] Histological structure of the stomach in the sablefish. A and B: Masson's trichrome stain. C: H-E stain. D: AB-PAS (pH 2.5) reaction.cml: circular muscle layer, Ec: epithelial cell,... 58

[Fig. 3.1-41] Histological structure of the intestine in the sablefish. A and B: Masson's trichrome stain. C: H-E stain. D: AB-PAS (pH 2.5) reaction.cml: circular muscle layer, Ec: epithelial cell, Gc: goblet cell,... 59

[Fig. 3.1-42] Histological structure of the liver and pancreas in the sablefish. A and B: liver, H-E stain. C: pancreas, H-E stain. Bd: bile duct, H: hepatocyte, Hc: hepatic cord, He: hemocytes, Pt: pancreatic tissue 59

[Fig. 3.2-1] Site for seeding production and fish farm of sablefish 60

[Fig. 3.2-2] Pacific Biological Station (PBS/DFO) 61

[Fig. 3.2-3] Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NFSC/NOAA) 61

[Fig. 3.2-4] Sablefish Canada Inc 61

[Fig. 3.2-5] Troutlodge Inc 61

[Fig. 3.2-6] Transport procedures of sablefish 63

[Fig. 3.2-7-1] Domestic transplantation of sablefish 64

[Fig. 3.2-7-2] Breeding start of sablefish 64

[Fig. 3.2-8] survival rate of sablefish A. fimbria 66

[Fig. 3.2-9] Analysis method of hematological parameter index 69

[Fig. 3.2-10] Analysis method of serum constituent index 69

[Fig. 3.2-11] Analysis method of antioxidant index 70

[Fig. 3.2-12] Analysis method of non specific immune index 71

[Fig. 3.2-13] Analysis method of heat shock protein (HSP) index 71

[Fig. 3.2-14] Temperature regulator 78

[Fig. 3.2-15] Test of water temperature 78

[Fig. 3.2-16] Changes of survival rate sablefish A. fimbria exposed to the different levels of temperature for 4 months 81

[Fig. 3.2-17] Changes of growth factors (daily length gain, daily weight gain, condition factor, feed efficiency) in sablefish exposed to the different levels of temperature for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes... 82

[Fig. 3.2-18] Changes of hematological parameters in sablefish exposed to the different levels of temperature for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different superscript are... 83

[Fig. 3.2-19] Changes of serum components in sablefish exposed to the different levels of temperature for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different superscript are significantly... 84

[Fig. 3.2-20] Changes of antioxidant (SOD, CAT) activity in liver and gill tissues of sablefish exposed by different levels of temperature for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with... 85

[Fig. 3.2-21] Changes of non-specific immune responses (lysozyme, phagocytosis) in plasma and kidney tissues of sablefish by different levels of temperature for 4months. Vertical bar denotes a standard... 86

[Fig. 3.2-22] Changes of heat shock protein (HSP 70, HSP 90) in liver and gill tissues of sablefish by different levels of temperature for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 87

[Fig. 3.2-23] Test of salinity 88

[Fig. 3.2-24] Changes of survival rate sablefish exposed to the different levels of salinity for 4 months 92

[Fig. 3.2-25] Changes of growth factors (daily length gain, daily weight gain, condition factor, feed efficiency) in sablefish exposed to the different levels of salinity for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a... 92

[Fig. 3.2-26] Changes of hematological parameters in sablefish exposed to the different levels of salinity for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different superscript are significantly... 93

[Fig. 3.2-27] Changes of serum components in sablefish exposed to the different levels of salinity for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different superscript are significantly... 94

[Fig. 3.2-28] Changes of antioxidant (SOD, CAT) activity in liver and gill tissues of sablefish exposed by different levels of salinity for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 95

[Fig. 3.2-29] Changes of non-specific immune responses (lysozyme, phagocytosis) in plasma and kidney tissues of sablefish by different levels of salinity for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error... 96

[Fig. 3.2-30] Changes of growth factors (daily length gain, daily weight gain, condition factor, feed efficiency) in sablefish exposed to the different levels of density for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a... 99

[Fig. 3.2-31] Changes of antioxidant (SOD, CAT) activity in liver and gill of sablefish exposed to the different levels of density for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 102

[Fig. 3.2-32] Changes of antioxidant (GSH, GST) activity in liver and gill of sablefish exposed to the different levels of density for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 103

[Fig. 3.2-33] Changes of non-specific immune responses (lysozyme, phagocytosis) in plasma and kidney of sablefish exposed to the different levels of density for 4months. Vertical bar denotes a standard... 104

[Fig. 3.2-34] Changes of growth factors (daily length gain, daily weight gain, condition factor, feed efficiency) in sablefish A. fimbria exposed to the different levels of photoperiod for 4 months. Vertical bar... 106

[Fig. 3.2-35] Changes of antioxidant (SOD, CAT) activity in liver and gill of sablefish exposed to the different levels of photoperiod for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 109

[Fig. 3.2-36] Changes of non-specific immune responses (lysozyme, phagocytosis) in plasma and kidney of sablefish exposed to the different levels of photoperiod for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a... 110

[Fig. 3.2-37] Daily length gain, daily weight gain, condition factor, and hepatosomatic index of sablefish exposed to ammonia for 2 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 113

[Fig. 3.2-38] RBC count, Hematocrit and Hemoglobin of sablefish exposed to ammonia for 2 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different superscript are significantly different... 114

[Fig. 3.2-39] Changes of antioxidant (SOD, CAT) activity in liver and gill of sablefish exposed to the different levels of ammonia for 2 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 116

[Fig. 3.2-40] Changes of non-specific immune responses (lysozyme, phagocytosis) in plasma and kidney of sablefish exposed to the different levels of ammonia for 2months. Vertical bar denotes a standard... 117

[Fig. 3.2-41] Changes of SOD activity in liver and gill of sablefish exposed to the different levels of ammonia and temperature for 2 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 120

[Fig. 3.2-42] Changes of CAT activity in liver and gill of sablefish exposed to the different levels of ammonia and temperature for 2 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 121

[Fig. 3.2-43] Changes of GSH activity in liver and gill of sablefish exposed to the different levels of ammonia and temperature for 2 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 122

[Fig. 3.2-44] Changes of lysozyme activity in plasma and kidney of sablefish exposed to the different levels of ammonia and temperature for 2 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with... 123

[Fig. 3.2-45] Changes of phagocytosis activity in plasma and kidney of sablefish exposed to the different levels of ammonia and temperature for 2 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error... 124

[Fig. 3.2-46] Changes of HSP70 in liver and gill of sablefish exposed to the different levels of ammonia and temperature for 2 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 125

[Fig. 3.2-47] Changes of glucose and cortisol in plasma of sablefish exposed to the different levels of ammonia and temperature for 2 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 126

[Fig. 3.3-1] Changes of growth factors (daily length gain, daily weight gain, condition factor, feed efficiency) in sablefish A. fimbria exposed to the different of food for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes... 143

[Fig. 3.3-2] Changes of antioxidant (SOD, CAT) activity in liver and gill of sablefish exposed to the different of food for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different superscript... 144

[Fig. 3.3-3] Changes of phagocytosis activity in plasma and kidney of sablefish exposed to the different levels of different of food for 4 months. Vertical bar denotes a standard error. Values with different... 145

[Fig. 3.3-4] Domestic transplantation of sablefish fry 146

[Fig. 3.3-5] Accumulation of sablefish fry 147

[Fig. 3.3-6] Rearing start of sablefish fry 147

[Fig. 3.3-7] Rearing tanks of sablefish 150

[Fig. 3.3-8] Recirculating and thermostat 151

[Fig. 3.3-9] Transport and storage of sablefish 151

[Fig. 3.3-10] Sablefish rearing-1 152

[Fig. 3.3-11] Sablefish rearing-2 152

[Fig. 3.3-12] Selective rearing 153

[Fig. 3.3-13] Transport of sablefish fry 154

[Fig. 3.3-14] Start of sablefish rearing 155

[Fig. 3.3-15] Growth of sablefish 155

[Fig. 3.3-16] Size of sablefish fry 156

[Fig. 3.3-17] 1-year and 2-year-old sablefish 158

[Fig. 5.3-1] Sablefish possessed by PKNU Institute of Fisheries Sciences 169

[Fig. 5.3-2] Sablefish provided to the National Institutes of Fisheries Sciences 169

[Fig. 6.1-1] Site of sablefish culture and seeding production 171

[Fig. 6.1-2] PBS/DFO 172

[Fig. 6.1-3] NFSC/NOAA 172

[Fig. 6.1-4] Sablefish Canada Inc 172

[Fig. 6.1-5] Troutlodge Inc 173

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