본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기
22대 대한민국 국회 국회정보길라잡이 국회의원검색
회원가입 로그인
HOME

정보검색

소장정보 검색

국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

결과 내 검색

동의어 포함

고급검색

인명/단체명

저자정보 상세정보
인명/단체명을 입력하세요.

키워드

  • 대표어

  • 외국어

-

목차보기

Title page

Contents

ABSTRACT 4

FOREWORD 5

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 11

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 12

ABBREVIATIONS 13

1. INTRODUCTION 14

2. BRIEF REVIEW OF TSUNAMI MECHANICS 15

3. TSUNAMI MODELS: THEORY 21

3.1. Linear Wave Theory 21

3.2. Nonlinear Shallow Water (Long Wave) Modeling 24

3.3. High-Order Approaches: Boussinesq-type Model 26

3.4. High-Order Approaches: Navier-Stokes Modeling 28

4. TSUNAMI MODELS: NUMERICAL SOLUTION METHODS 29

4.1. Numerical Solution Methods 29

4.2. Coupled and Hybrid Techniques 29

4.3. Moving Shoreline Algorithms 30

5. APPLICATION OF NUMERICAL MODELS 33

5.1. Specification of Initial Condition 33

5.2. Dynamic Bottom Boundary Conditions 33

5.3. Topographic Grid Creation 34

5.4. Grid and Time Steps 36

5.5. Bottom Friction and Turbulence Closure 36

5.6. Antecedent Water Level 36

5.7. Associated Effects 37

6. INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF NUMERICAL RESULTS 38

6.1. Numerical Convergence 38

6.2. Types of Output 38

6.2.1. Instantaneous Snapshots of Ocean Elevation and Speed 38

6.2.2. Time Series 39

6.2.3. Maximum and Minimum Surface Plots 39

6.2.4. Tabular Summary of Results 40

7. EVALUATING TSUNAMI HAZARDS NEAR CRITICAL FACILITIES 41

7.1. Deterministic Approach 41

7.2. Probabilistic Approaches 45

8. PRESENTATION OF TSUNAMI HAZARD ANALYSIS 49

9. A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO DETERMINING PMT 52

9.1. Background 52

9.2. NCTR's Forecasting Methodology 53

9.3. NCTR's Propagation Database 54

9.4. Real-time Simulation Computations 56

9.4.1. High-resolution Digital Elevation Models 57

9.4.2. Coverage of the Forecast Models 57

9.4.3. Development of NCTR's Forecast Models 58

9.5. Application to Hazard Assessment 60

9.6. Additional Recommendations 62

10. ASSESSMENT OF EARTHQUAKE-GENERATED TSUNAMI INUNDATION BASED ON PROBABILISTIC OFFSHORE TSUNAMI HEIGHT 64

10.1. Background and Objectives 64

10.2. Methodology and Procedure 65

10.2.1. PTHA Offshore Maximum Tsunami Amplitude 65

10.2.2. Tsunami Inundation Model and ComMIT 66

10.2.3. Tsunami Source Inversion and Reconstruction 67

10.2.4. Procedure of Obtaining Probabilistic Tsunami Inundation 68

10.2.5. Relevance for NPPs 69

10.3. Case Study 70

10.3.1. Study Area 70

10.3.2. Development of the 2500-year Tsunami Inundation Zone from the Probabilistic Offshore Tsunami Height 71

11. CONCLUSIONS 85

12. REFERENCES 87

13. GLOSSARY 98

Tables

Table 9.1. List of seismic parameters corresponding to the sea floor deformation shown in Figure 9-1 55

Table 9.2. List of historical events used in the validation of tsunami forecast models in the Pacific Ocean by the NOAA Center for Tsunami Research 59

Table 10.1. The 2,500-year tsunami heights at 16 offshore locations obtained by Thio et al. (2010). The water depths at these locations are compared with those extracted from NCTR's tsunami model 72

Table 10.2. Comparison and errors of the 2500-year offshore tsunami heights between ComMIT and Thio et al. (2010) for the M9.5 Alaska-Aleutian sources 77

Table 10.3. Comparison and errors of the 2500-year offshore tsunami heights between ComMIT and Thio et al. (2010) for the M9.7 Kuril-Kamvhatka source 80

Figures

Figure 3.1. Characteristics for water waves in various regimes 22

Figure 3.2. Schematic of wave transformation through refraction, where the change in the blue shading indicates the depth transition 23

Figure 5.1. Various types of movements, as a function of material class (taken from Cruden and Varnes, 1996.) 35

Figure 6.1. Snapshot of the ocean surface elevation as the tsunami travels across the Atlantic 38

Figure 6.2. Snapshot of ocean surface elevation in the nearshore, high-resolution grid 39

Figure 6.3. Maximum elevation (left) and speed (right) predicted by a high resolution simulation 40

Figure 7.1. Initial tsunami condition for an earthquake along the Caribbean Subduction Zone using the deterministic approach 42

Figure 7.2. Initial condition for a tsunami generated by a submarine landslide. The "before" landslide profile is given by the solid yellow surface and the "after" landslide profile is given by the black dashed line. The difference in these two profiles results in the initial... 43

Figure 7.3. Procedural flowchart for a deterministic evaluation of the PMT 47

Figure 7.4. Example procedure tree for the inclusion of slide variability and uncertainty into a PTHA 48

Figure 8.1. Example of source location map including shoreline and bathymetric features 49

Figure 8.2. Sample figure showing bathymetry local to the site of interest 50

Figure 8.3. Sample figure showing initial surface conditions and location of the transect AA' 51

Figure 9.1. Typical ground deformation as computed by Okada's expressions. An area of uplift (hot colors) to the North contiguous to an area of subsidence (cold colors) to the South can be observed 55

Figure 9.2. Distribution of tsunami maximum amplitude at a random coastal location in the Pacific Ocean from each of the potential scenarios extracted from NCTR's propagation data base. A subset of all the scenarios represented can be selected and simulated at... 62

Figure 10.1. 2500-year PTHA source disaggregation for a site (118.36°W, 34.136°N) in California, where the blue bars denote the source contributions to the site indicated by the red circle 67

Figure 10.2. Flow chart of the methodology to assess tsunami inundation based on probabilistic offshore tsunami height 69

Figure 10.3. Aerial photo overlooking Monterey Harbor 71

Figure 10.4. Locations at Monerey Bay, California, where the offshore tsunami heights were obtained (from Thio et al., 2010). The circles are areas of large water depth discrepancies between Thio et al. (2010) and NCTR's tsunami model 73

Figure 10.5. Source disaggregation of 2,500-year offshore tsunami heights at Monterey, California courtesy of Thio et al. (2010). The vertical axis indicates how much each of the sources contributes in percentage, probabilistically, to the tsunami impact at Monterey 74

Figure 10.6. Source selection in Alaska-Aleutian using ComMIT 75

Figure 10.7. Source selection in Kuril-Kamchatka using ComMIT 75

Figure 10.8. Comparison of the 2,500-year offshore tsunami heights for the M9.5 Alaska- Aleutian scenario 76

Figure 10.9. Spectrum analysis of the tsunami waves at all 16 locations where Thio et al. (2010) results are available 78

Figure 10.10. Comparison of the 2500-year offshore tsunami heights for the M9.7 Kuril-Kamchatka scenario 79

Figure 10.11. Computed maximum tsunami wave amplitude in the Pacific due to the M9.5 Alaska-Aleutian source 81

Figure 10.12. Computed maximum tsunami water level along Monterey Bay's coastline due to the M9.5 Alaska-Aleutian source 82

Figure 10.13. Computed maximum tsunami flow speed along Monterey Bay's coastline due to the M9.5 Alaska-Aleutian source 83

Figure 10.14. The 2500-year tsunami inundation zone for Monterey Bay, California 84

추천서가 (다양한 추천 자료를 만나보세요)

권호기사보기

권호기사 목록 테이블로 기사명, 저자명, 페이지, 원문, 기사목차 순으로 되어있습니다.
기사명 저자명 페이지 원문 기사목차

권호

기사명 원문보기 기사목차
닫기