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22대 대한민국 국회 국회정보길라잡이 국회의원검색
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Title page

Contents

SUMMARY 5

1. INTRODUCING WORKER SURVEILLANCE AND THE LEGAL CONTEXT 7

DEFINING EXCESSIVE SURVEILLANCE INVOLVES VALUE JUDGEMENTS 7

SURVEILLANCE CAN TAKE BOTH DIGITAL AND PHYSICAL FORMS 8

SURVEILLANCE PRACTICES HAVE HUGELY EXPANDED DURING THE PANDEMIC 10

WORKER MONITORING IS LAWFUL, BUT DEPENDS ON SUBJECTIVE JUDGEMENTS 12

AUTOMATED DECISION MAKING AND EMPLOYERS' RESPONSIBILITIES 14

2. WHY SHOULD WE CARE? 15

WORKER SURVEILLANCE CAN DRIVE POOR OUTCOMES 15

IMPACTS ON WORKER TURNOVER AND PRODUCTIVITY 15

RESISTANCE AND 'COUNTER-PRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIOURS' 16

ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND POWER IMBALANCES 18

WORKER SURVEILLANCE CAN HELP EMPLOYERS EXERT CONTROL OVER WORKFORCES 18

AUTOMATED DECISION MAKING AND RISKS OF ALGORITHMIC BIAS 18

SOME WORKERS MAY BE MORE EXPOSED TO SURVEILLANCE PRACTICES THAN OTHERS 19

FUNDAMENTAL RISKS TO HUMAN RIGHTS 20

SUMMARY 21

3. WHAT SHOULD WE DO ABOUT IT? 22

ADDRESSING WORKER POWER 22

RESPONDING TO THE RISE OF ALGORITHMIC CONTROL 24

CONCLUSION 25

REFERENCES 26

APPENDIX 28

TABLE 1.1. FORMS OF WORKPLACE SURVEILLANCE 8

TABLE 1.2. WORKER MONITORING SUITES AND THEIR FEATURES 9

TABLE 1.3. GROWTH IN RELEVANT SEARCHES RELATING TO WORKER SURVEILLANCE 10

TABLE 1.4/TABLE 4. CIRCUMSTANCES IN WHEN A DATA PROTECTION IMPACT ASSESSMENT SHOULD BE COMPLETED OR CONSIDERED 13

TABLE 2.1. PREVALENCE OF WORKER SURVEILLANCE 'RISK FACTORS' AMONG DEMOGRAPHIC GROUPS 20

TABLE 2.2. POTENTIAL COSTS AND BENEFITS OF WORKER MONITORING 21

Boxes

BOX 1.1. TRACKING WAREHOUSE WORKERS BY THE MINUTE 8

BOX 1.2. AN ALWAYS-ON VIDEO SERVICE WHICH PHOTOGRAPHS WORKERS UP TO EVERY MINUTE 10

BOX 1.3. FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY WHICH ASSESSES CONCENTRATION 11

BOX 2.1. ALGORITHMIC BIAS IN ACTION 19

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