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Title page

Contents

Highlights 2

Letter 6

Background 12

FAA Offices Involved in Drone Integration Efforts 12

FAA Drone Integration Efforts 13

FAA Has Not Developed a Comprehensive Strategy to Integrate Drones 19

FAA Has Not Clearly Communicated Its Process for Reviewing and Approving Operational Requests 25

FAA Does Not Have a Formal Lessons-Learned Process for Key Drone Integration Activities 31

Collect 32

Analyze 33

Validate 34

Document 35

Disseminate 35

Apply 36

FAA Is Working to Address Ongoing Technology, Community, and Workforce-Planning Challenges 37

Technology 38

Community Concerns 40

FAA Workforce Challenges 44

Conclusions 45

Recommendations for Executive Action 46

Agency Comments 47

Appendix I: List of Entities GAO Interviewed 49

Appendix II: Description of Drone Regulations in the United States, Canada, and the European Union 50

Appendix III: Comments from the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma 53

Appendix IV: GAO Contact and Staff Acknowledgments 54

Tables

Table 1. The Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Current Planning Documents Identifying Drone Integration Efforts 20

Table 2. Extent to which the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Planning Documents Include Key Elements of a Comprehensive Strategy 21

Figures

Figure 1. Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Offices Involved in Key Drone Integration Efforts 13

Figure 2. Flight Operations Allowed for Small Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (Drones) Operating under Part 107 of the Federal Aviation Administration's... 16

Figure 3. Alignment of Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Selected Drone Integration Activities with Lessons-Learned Key Practices 32