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Title page 1

Contents 3

March quarter 2025 - Petrol snapshot 5

Key messages 6

1. Petrol price movements 7

1.1. Quarterly average retail petrol prices were higher across the 5 largest cities 7

1.2. A lower AUD-USD exchange rate was the main contributor to higher average retail prices 8

1.3. Crude oil and international refined petrol prices fluctuated but were broadly similar on a quarterly average basis 10

1.4. Gross indicative retail differences decreased in the quarter 12

1.5. Petrol price cycles in each of the 5 largest cities are different and vary over time 14

1.6. The average price differential between premium unleaded petrol and regular unleaded petrol increased marginally 16

1.7. Quarterly average retail petrol prices were higher in Canberra, Hobart and Darwin 18

1.8. Regional average retail petrol prices increased to above average prices across the 5 largest cities 19

2. Diesel price movements 21

2.1. Quarterly average retail diesel prices were higher in all capital cities 21

2.2. Retail diesel prices reflected trends in Gasoil 10 ppm prices 22

2.3. Retail diesel prices do not move in price cycles 23

3. Developments in the petroleum industry 24

3.1. Petrol sales volumes were lower in the quarter 24

3.2. Impact of retail fuel prices on inflation 25

3.3. Fuel excise indexed in line with the Consumer Price Index 25

3.4. Some parts of industry responded to the Victorian Government's announcement of its Fair Fuel Plan 25

3.5. The Australian Government introduced new fuel quality standards for paraffinic diesel 26

3.6. bp completed its acquisition of X Convenience 26

3.7. Cyclone Alfred damaged Ampol's Lytton refinery 27

3.8. Viva Energy announced progress in the development of a tyre-recycling facility to manufacture lower-carbon fuels 27

3.9. Electric vehicle and charging network developments 28

Appendix A: ACCC activities 31

Appendix B: International influences on crude oil prices 33

Appendix C: Quarterly average petrol gross indicative retail differences 35

Appendix D: Retail premium unleaded petrol and E10 price movements 37

Appendix E: Petrol price data for monitored locations 39

Appendix F: Components of automotive liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) prices 46

Figures 7

Figure 1.1. Seven-day rolling average retail petrol prices across the 5 largest cities in nominal terms 7

Figure 1.2. Changes in the components of average retail petrol prices across the 5 largest cities - cents per litre (cpl) 9

Figure 1.3. Monthly average retail petrol prices across the 5 largest cities and Mogas 95 prices in nominal terms 10

Figure 1.4. Weekly average Brent crude oil and Mogas 95 prices in nominal terms 11

Figure 1.5. Twelve-month average gross indicative retail differences across the 5 largest cities in real terms 13

Figure 1.6. Daily average retail petrol prices in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane 15

Figure 1.7. Daily average retail petrol prices in Adelaide and Perth 15

Figure 1.8. Quarterly average price differentials between regular and premium unleaded petrol grades across the 5 largest cities - cents per litre 17

Figure 1.9. Quarterly average price differential between regular unleaded petrol and E10 across Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane - cents per litre 18

Figure 1.10. Daily average retail petrol prices in Canberra, Hobart and Darwin 18

Figure 1.11. Quarterly difference between average regional retail petrol prices and average capital city retail petrol prices by state/territory - cents per litre 20

Figure 2.1. Quarterly average retail diesel prices in the capital cities in the March quarter 2025 - cents per litre 21

Figure 2.2. Components of average retail diesel prices across the 5 largest cities in the March quarter 2025 - in percentage and cents per litre (cpl) terms 22

Figure 2.3. Seven-day rolling average retail diesel prices across the 5 largest cities and Gasoil 10 ppm prices in nominal terms 23

Figure 3.1. Sales volumes of regular unleaded petrol, all petrol grades, and fuel retailer diesel sales in Australia 24

Figure 3.2. Quarterly new internal combustion engine vehicle, new hybrid vehicle and new electric vehicle sales 29

Figure 3.3. Quarterly new battery electric vehicle sales and new plug-in hybrid electric vehicle sales 29

Appendix Tables 36

Table C.1. Quarterly average retail petrol prices, terminal gate prices and gross indicative retail differences in each of the 5 largest cities- cents per litre (cpl) 36

Table E.1. Quarterly average retail petrol prices in the December quarter 2024 and the March quarter 2025, and differentials in the March quarter 2025 and in the year... 39

Appendix Figures 33

Figure B.1. Key influences on crude oil prices 33

Figure D.1. Monthly average retail prices of regular unleaded petrol, premium unleaded petrol 95 and 98 across the 5 largest cities in nominal terms 37

Figure D.2. Monthly average retail prices of regular unleaded petrol and E10 across Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane in nominal terms 38

Figure F.1. Components of average retail liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) prices across the 5 largest cities in the March quarter 2025 - in percentage and cents per litre (cpl) terms 46

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