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Title page 1

Contents 3

Acknowledgement of Country 2

September quarter 2025 - Petrol snapshot 5

Key messages 6

1. Petrol price movements 7

1.1. Retail petrol prices were higher on average across the 5 largest cities 7

1.2. Higher international prices for refined petrol and other wholesale costs and margins were the main contributors to higher quarterly retail prices 8

1.3. Crude oil and international refined petrol prices were higher on average in the quarter 10

1.4. Average gross indicative retail differences remained steady in the quarter 12

1.5. Petrol price cycles vary across the 5 largest cities 14

1.6. The average price differential increased slightly between premium unleaded petrol 98 and regular unleaded petrol 16

1.7. Average retail petrol prices were higher in Canberra, Hobart and Darwin 18

1.8. Regional average retail petrol prices increased slightly 19

2. Diesel price movements 21

2.1. Quarterly average retail diesel prices were higher in all capital cities 21

2.2. Retail diesel prices reflected trends in Gasoil 10 ppm prices 22

2.3. Retail diesel prices do not move in price cycles 23

3. Developments in the petroleum industry 24

3.1. Regular unleaded petrol sales volumes were marginally lower in the quarter 24

3.2. Higher retail fuel prices were a contributor to a rise in inflation 25

3.3. Fuel excise indexed in line with the Consumer Price Index 25

3.4. The Victorian Government's Servo Saver feature went live on the Service Victoria app 25

3.5. The Australian Government announced its Cleaner Fuels Program 26

3.6. Industry has been preparing for new fuel standards 26

3.7. The Australian Government released draft regulations for a cash acceptance mandate including fuel retailers 27

3.8. Ampol notified the ACCC of its proposed acquisition of EG Australia 27

3.9. Developments in vehicle sales and vehicle numbers by fuel type 28

3.10. Electric vehicle and charging network developments 31

Appendix A: ACCC activities 33

Appendix B: International influences on crude oil prices 35

Appendix C: Quarterly average petrol gross indicative retail differences 37

Appendix D: Retail premium unleaded petrol and E10 price movements 39

Appendix E: Petrol price data for monitored locations 41

Appendix F: Components of automotive liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) prices 48

Tables 31

Table 3.1. Number of registered motor vehicles in Australia by motive power and fuel type as at 31 January, from 2021 to 2025 31

Figures 7

Figure 1.1. Seven-day rolling average retail petrol prices across the 5 largest cities in nominal terms 7

Figure 1.2. Changes in the components of average retail petrol prices across the 5 largest cities - cents per litre (cpl) 9

Figure 1.3. Monthly average retail petrol prices across the 5 largest cities and Mogas 95 prices in nominal terms 10

Figure 1.4. Weekly average Brent crude oil and Mogas 95 prices in nominal terms 11

Figure 1.5. Twelve-month average gross indicative retail differences across the 5 largest cities in real terms 13

Figure 1.6. Daily average retail petrol prices in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane 15

Figure 1.7. Daily average retail petrol prices in Adelaide and Perth 15

Figure 1.8. Quarterly average price differentials between premium and regular unleaded petrol grades across the 5 largest cities - cents per litre 17

Figure 1.9. Quarterly average price differential between E10 and regular unleaded petrol across Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane - cents per litre 18

Figure 1.10. Daily average retail petrol prices in Canberra, Hobart and Darwin 18

Figure 1.11. Quarterly difference between average regional retail petrol prices and average capital city retail petrol prices by state/territory... 20

Figure 2.1. Quarterly average retail diesel prices in the capital cities in the September quarter 2025 - cents per litre 21

Figure 2.2. Components of average retail diesel prices across the 5 largest cities in the September quarter 2025 - in percentage and cents... 22

Figure 2.3. Seven-day rolling average retail diesel prices across the 5 largest cities and Gasoil 10 ppm prices in nominal terms 23

Figure 3.1. Quarterly sales volumes of regular unleaded petrol, all petrol grades, and fuel retailer diesel sales in Australia 24

Figure 3.2. National share of new vehicle sales by motive type in the September quarter 2025 29

Figure 3.3. Quarterly new internal combustion engine vehicle, new hybrid vehicle and new electric vehicle sales 29

Figure 3.4. Quarterly new battery electric vehicle sales and new plug-in hybrid electric vehicle sales 30

Appendix Tables 38

Table C.1. Quarterly average retail petrol prices, terminal gate prices and gross indicative retail differences in each of the 5 largest cities... 38

Table E.1. Quarterly average retail petrol prices in the June quarter 2025 and the September quarter 2025, and differentials in the September... 41

Appendix Figures 35

Figure B.1. Key influences on crude oil prices 35

Figure D.1. Monthly average retail prices of regular unleaded petrol, premium unleaded petrol 95 and 98 across the 5 largest cities in nominal terms 39

Figure D.2. Monthly average retail prices of regular unleaded petrol and E10 across Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane in nominal terms 40

Figure F.1. Components of average retail liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) prices across the 5 largest cities in the September quarter 2025... 48

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