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Title page 1

Contents 3

Highlights 2

Letter 6

Background 8

Establishment of Joint Bases 8

Governance Structure of Joint Bases 10

Responsibilities for Facility Funding at Joint Bases 12

DOD Has Not Funded Joint Base Facility Sustainment to Its Goal 13

Nearly All Joint Bases Received Less Facility Sustainment Funding than DOD's Goal 14

Joint Base Facilities Have Experienced Degradation, Which Officials Stated Was Due to Insufficient Facility Sustainment Funding 17

DOD Is Unable to Determine Funding Levels for Supported Components on Joint Bases, Contributing to Perceptions of Imbalances 22

DOD Does Not Have Information on How Funding Is Allocated Among Components for Joint Base Facilities 23

Lead and Supported Components Differ in Their Views of Facility Support Provided by the Lead Component 24

Supported Component Senior Leaders Told Us That Their Units Are Not Receiving Needed Modernization Funding from Their Service Headquarters 27

DOD Recently Issued Guidance That Could Improve Clarity About Responsibilities for Facility Investments on Joint Bases 31

DOD's Guidance on Joint Basing Has Caused Confusion for Officials; Recently Issued Guidance Could Improve Clarity 31

DOD's Joint Management Oversight Structure Has Faced Challenges Resolving Disputes Between Joint Base Components in a Timely Manner 35

DOD Has Not Provided Joint Bases with Facility Management Workforce Levels That Meet Their Needs 38

Joint Base Facility Management Workforce Levels Are Below DOD Requirements and Have Not Been Reassessed 39

Conclusions 44

Recommendations for Executive Action 44

Agency Comments and Our Evaluation 45

Appendix I: Objectives, Scope, and Methodology 49

Appendix II: Hickam Airfield on Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam 55

Appendix III: Survey Questions for Joint Base Lead Component Senior Leaders 58

Appendix IV: Survey Questions for Joint Base Supported Component Senior Leaders 80

Appendix V: Comments from the Department of Defense 98

Appendix VI: GAO Contact and Staff Acknowledgments 101

Tables 3

Table 1. Department of Defense (DOD) Joint Bases 9

Table 2. Joint Base Facility Funding Responsibilities 33

Table 3. Department of Defense (DOD) Joint Bases Selected for Site Visits 49

Figures 4

Figure 1. Map of the 12 Department of Defense Joint Bases 10

Figure 2. Joint Management Oversight Structure 11

Figure 3. Average Facility Sustainment Funding at DOD Joint Bases (JB), Compared with Funding Goal, 2018-2022 15

Figure 4. Senior Joint Base Leadership Comments on Joint Base Facilities Funding 17

Figure 5. Deteriorated Ceremonial Building at Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall 18

Figure 6. Closed Barracks (left photo) Replaced by Temporary Barracks (right photo) on Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall 20

Figure 7. Photographs of Fire Trucks and Firefighting Foam Stored Without Required Space in McChord Airfield Fire Station 26

Figure 8. Army Vehicle Maintenance Facilities at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson 28

Figure 9. Army Barracks Converted to Staging Facility for Soldier Training on Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson 29

Figure 10. Senior Joint Base Leadership Comments on the Joint Management Oversight Structure 35

Figure 11. Hickam Airfield, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam 38

Figure 12. Examples of Facility Degradation at Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling 42

Figure 13. Airfield at Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam 56

Figure 14. Visual Comparison of Tarmac Condition at Hickam Airfield (Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam) and McChord Airfield (Joint Base Lewis-McChord) 57