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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

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Title page 1

Contents 3

Summary 5

1. Introduction 8

1.1. Context for low-carbon electricity 8

Increase in clean energy deployment 8

Why supply chains are important 8

1.2. Supply chains: Definitions 8

2. Energy infrastructure supply chains by stage 10

2.1. Upstream 10

UK capability 10

2.2. Midstream 11

UK capability 11

2.3. Downstream 12

Current state 12

UK manufacturing overview 14

UK end-of-life recovery 15

3. Global Challenges 17

3.1. Global supply chains 17

Geographic concentration 17

Competition 17

4. UK challenges 18

4.1. General challenges 18

4.2. Supply chain data gaps 18

4.3. Lack of certainty 19

Decision-making process 19

Policy delays 19

Permits 19

Policy fragmentation 19

4.4. Skills 20

5. UK opportunities 21

5.1. Creating demand confidence 21

5.2. Identifying UK niches 21

Electricity Networks Sector Growth Plan 21

5.3. Manufacturing 22

Clean Energy Industries Sector Plan 22

Battery technologies 22

Strong service industry 22

5.4. Innovation 23

Academia-industry collaboration 23

5.5. Recycling and demand reduction 23

6. Policy landscape 25

6.1. Relevant UK Government policies 25

Financing and investment mechanisms 25

6.2. International policy context and partnerships 27

International partnerships 27

EU 27

USA 28

China 28

7. Annex A: Statistics on global mining and refining capacity 29

References 32

Tables 9

Table 1. Main stages of supply chains 9

Table 2. Overview of UK manufacturing in the UK's low-carbon energy infrastructure 14

Table 3. UK financing and investment mechanisms 26

Table 4. International partnerships 27

Table 5. EU policy 28

Table 6. Minerals essential for low-carbon energy technology and the top countries for mining and refining 29

Figures 16

Figure 1. Current recycling activity in the UK 16