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A case study was conducted to evaluate and identify the main materials and sources affecting the conductivity of reclaimed industrial wastewater for reuse. There were two suppliers (food production companies, S and M) and two users (pulp and paper making companies, P1 and P2). The user requirements for quality of the reclaimed water were conductivity <1,000 μS/cm and Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS) <10 mg/L. Conductivity of treated wastewater at M company varied from 872 to 1620 μS/cm, but the VSS was very stable over the year, with an average of 5 mg/L. According to the source tracking of M company, it was determined that the main materials affecting conductivity were TDS, Ca2+, and Na+. Electrical Conductivity (EC) measurement is sometimes the only practical method for the analysis of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS); therefore, developing this relationship would be helpful for company-to-company wastewater reuse. In this case study, the ratio of TDS to EC was in the range of 0.58-0.67, with a mean value of 0.64 and a very strong relationship at the effluent point. Even though the results were from only one industry, this conversion factor could be used to estimate TDS using EC measurements for similar industrial wastewater and could motivate further research for the direct use of treated industrial wastewater. This study is a first case study of company-to-company wastewater reuse.

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기사명 저자명 페이지 원문 목차
Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) of marine structures : a case study Rasha El Gohary, Nagy A.A. Hassan pp.689-698

Aninvestigation of the applicability of sustainability and lean concepts to small construction projects Collin Koranda, Wai Kiong Chong, Changwan Kim, Jui-Sheng Chou, Changmin Kim pp.699-707

A case study on the relationship between conductivity and dissolved solids to evaluate the potential for reuse of reclaimed industrial wastewater Naqvi Sohail Ali, Kyung Mo, Moonil Kim pp.708-713

Bayesian network for characterizing model uncertainty of liquefaction potential evaluation models H.W. Huang, J. Zhang, L.M. Zhang pp.714-722

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Vibration control of soil-structure systems and pile-soil-structure systems Lihua Zou, Leiqing Fang, Kai Huang, Liyuan Wang pp.794-802

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Design speed based reliability index model for roadway safety evaluation Heung-Un Oh, Sungho Mun pp.845-854

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Forecasting performance of LS-SVM for nonlinear hydrological time series Seok Hwan Hwang, Dae Heon Ham, Joong Hoon Kim pp.870-882

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참고문헌 (17건) : 자료제공( 네이버학술정보 )

참고문헌 목록에 대한 테이블로 번호, 참고문헌, 국회도서관 소장유무로 구성되어 있습니다.
번호 참고문헌 국회도서관 소장유무
1 APHA. (1985). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, American Public Health Association, New York. 미소장
2 APHA. (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, American Public Health Association, New York. 미소장
3 Aquarius Technologies, PTY LTD (2000). “Electrolytic conductivity measurement: Theory & Application.” Aquarius Technical Bulletin, No. 8. 미소장
4 Atekwana, E. A. (2004). “The relationship of total dissolved solids measurements to bulk electrical conductivity in an aquifer contaminated with hydrocarbon.” J. of Applied Geophysics, Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 281-294. 미소장
5 Beers, D. V. (2008). Capturing regional synergies in the Kwinana industrial area, Status Report, Center for Sustainable Resource Processing. 미소장
6 Christians, N. (1999). Why inject acid into irrigation water?, Golf Course Management Magazine. 미소장
7 Relationships Between Ground‐Water Silica, Total Dissolved Solids, and Specific Electrical Conductivity 네이버 미소장
8 EPA and Department H. S. (1999). Reclaimed water guidelines: Treated effluent, EPA & Public and Environmental Health Service, South Australia. 미소장
9 Harivandi, A. (2007). Using recycled water on golf courses, Golf Course Management Magazine. 미소장
10 Hem, J. D. (1985). “Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water.” USGS Water Supply Paper 2254, US Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 3rd ed., pp. 66-69. 미소장
11 Horneck, D. A., Ellsworth, J. W., Hopkins, B. G., Sullivan, D. M., and Stevens, R. G. (2007). Managing salt-affected soils for crop production, Oregon State University, University of IddhoWashington State University, A Pacific Northwest Extension Publication, PNW 601-E. 미소장
12 Kim, J. H. (2007). “Study on the characteristics of municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plant effluent for reuse as industrial water.” Korean Water and Env. Society Conference, KINTEX, Korea. 미소장
13 Relationship between conductivity and analysed composition in a large set of natural surface-water samples, Queensland, Australia 네이버 미소장
14 In situ determination of slurry nutrient content by electrical conductivity 네이버 미소장
15 Stevens, R. J., O’Bric, C. J., and Carton, O. T. (1995) “Estimating nutrient content of animal slurries using electrical conductivity.” Journal of Agriculture Science, Vol. 125, No. 2, pp. 233-238. 미소장
16 US EPA. (2004). Guidelines for water reuse, EPA/625/R-04/108 September. 미소장
17 Zinabu, G. M., Chapman, L. J., and Chapman, C. A. (2002). “Conductivity as a predictor of a total cations and salinity in Ethiopian lakes and rivers: Revisiting earlier models.” Urban and Fischer Verlag, Limnologia, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 21-26. 미소장

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