본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기
국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

결과 내 검색

동의어 포함

초록보기

본 논문은 도덕 판단에서 나타나는 도덕-인습 구분에 관한 최근의 논쟁들을 개관하고 그 함의를 검토하고자 한다. 전통적인 도덕 판단에 대한 연구들은 규범 위반에 대한 판단에서 타인의 규범 위반 행위에 대한 평가와 함께 위반한 규범의 도덕-인습 차원에서의 분류를 함께 고려해왔다. Kohlberg와 Piaget의 인지 발달 이론을 발전시킨 Turiel(1983)은 도덕 원칙이 인습과 명확하게 구별된다고 보고 도덕-인습 구분의 기준을 제시하였다. 도덕은 보살핌과 정의의 영역에 특수하며, 보편성/객관성을 지닌다는 것이다. 이러한 관점은 전통적인 도덕 심리학에서 일반적으로 받아들여져 왔으나 최근 들어 지속적인 도전을 받아왔다. 본 논문에서는 도덕-인습 구분 기준에 대한 비판을 도덕 감정 이론(moral sentimentalism)과 도덕 지역주의(moral parochialism), 도덕 다원주의(moral pluralism)로 구분하여 살펴본다. 도덕 감정 이론은 도덕 판단에서 정서의 역할을 강조하며 도덕과 인습이 정서-비정서 차원의 연속선상에 혼재할 수 있다고 제안한다. 도덕 지역주의는 인류학과 비교문화 심리학의 연구 결과들을 바탕으로, 규범 위반 행위가 집단의 유지와 집단 내 개인의 존속에 의미가 있는 경우에만 규범 위반에 대한 부정적 평가와 처벌 의사가 강하게 형성될 수 있기 때문에 도덕 위반에 대한 판단도 인습에 대한 판단만큼이나 상대적일 수 있다고 주장한다. 도덕 다원주의에서는 문화와 개인차에 따라서 다양한 종류의 도덕적 직관이 존재할 수 있다는 점에서 보살핌과 정의의 차원만 도덕에 해당한다는 가정에 의문을 제기한다. 이러한 새로운 관점들은 기존의 합리주의적 도덕 발달 이론에서 가정하였던 도덕-인습의 구분이 사람들이 실제로 규범 위반을 판단하는 양상을 적절하게 반영하지 않을 수도 있음을 시사하며 체계적인 후속 연구의 필요성을 제안한다.

The present article reviews recent arguments on the moral-conventional distinction in moral judgment and discusses the implications for moral psychology research. Traditional research on moral judgment has considered both the evaluation of transgressive actions of others and the categorization of the norms on the moral-conventional dimension. Kohlberg, Piaget, and Turiel (1983) regard moral principles to be clearly distinguished from social-conventional norms and suggested criteria for the moral-conventional distinction. They assume that the moral domain should be specifically related to the value of care and justice, and the judgment for the moral transgression should be universal and objective. The cognitive developmental approach or social domain theory, which has been generally accepted by moral psychology researchers, is recently being challenged. In this article, we introduce three different approaches that criticize the assumptions for the moral-conventional distinction, namely, moral sentimentalism, moral parochialism, and moral pluralism. Moral sentimentalism emphasizes the role of emotion in moral judgment and suggests that moral and conventional norms can be continuously distributed on an affective-nonaffective dimension. Moral parochialism, based on the evidence from anthropology and cross-cultural psychology, asserts that norm transgression can be the object of moral judgment only when the action is relevant to the survival and reproduction of a group and the individuals within the group; judgment for moral transgression can be as relative as that for conventional transgression. Moral pluralism suggests multiple moral intuitions that vary with culture and individual, and questions the assumption of the social domain theory that morality is confined to care and justice. These new perspectives imply that the moral-conventional distinction may not properly tap into the nature of moral judgment and that further research is needed.

참고문헌 (81건) : 자료제공( 네이버학술정보 )

참고문헌 목록에 대한 테이블로 번호, 참고문헌, 국회도서관 소장유무로 구성되어 있습니다.
번호 참고문헌 국회도서관 소장유무
1 Social - Emotional Development : Development of Korean children`s understanding of moral and social - conventional rules 네이버 미소장
2 Warm and Competent Hassan = Cold and Incompetent Eric: A Harsh Equation of Real-Life Hiring Discrimination 네이버 미소장
3 Can Psychopathic Offenders Discern Moral Wrongs? A New Look at the Moral/Conventional Distinction 네이버 미소장
4 Emotion and moral judgment 네이버 미소장
5 Small-scale societies exhibit fundamental variation in the role of intentions in moral judgment 네이버 미소장
6 Five studies testing two new egoistic alternatives to the empathy-altruism hypothesis. 네이버 미소장
7 The amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex in morality and psychopathy 네이버 미소장
8 The psychopathic individual: A lack of responsiveness to distress cues? 네이버 미소장
9 Things rank and gross in nature: a review and synthesis of moral disgust. 네이버 미소장
10 Psychopaths know right from wrong but don’t care 네이버 미소장
11 The Cognitive and Affective Dimensions of Moral Conviction: Implications for Attitudinal and Behavioral Measures of Interpersonal Tolerance 네이버 미소장
12 Interpersonal harm aversion as a necessary foundation for morality: A developmental neuroscience perspective 네이버 미소장
13 De Waal, F. B. (1996). Good natured (No. 87). Harvard University Press. 미소장
14 Eidelman, S., & Biernat, M. (2003). Derogating black sheep: Individual or group protection?. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39(6), 602-609. 미소장
15 Common and distinct neural networks involved in fMRI studies investigating morality: an ALE meta-analysis. 네이버 미소장
16 Altruistic punishment in humans. 네이버 미소장
17 Fessler, D. M., Barrett, H. C., Kanovsky, M., Stich, S., Holbrook, C., Henrich, J., ... & Pisor, A. C. (2015). Moral parochialism and contextual contingency across seven societies. Proc. R. Soc. B, 282(1813), 20150907. 미소장
18 Gibbs, J. C. (2014). Moral Development and Reality: Beyond Theories of Kohlberg, Hoffman, and Haidt. New York: Oxford University Press 미소장
19 SENTIMENTALIST PLURALISM: MORAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHICAL ETHICS* 네이버 미소장
20 In a Different Voice: Women's Conceptions of Self and of Morality 네이버 미소장
21 What You Did Only Matters if You Are One of Us: Offenders' Group Membership Moderates the Effect of Criminal History on Punishment Severity 네이버 미소장
22 Explaining Away Differences in Moral Judgment 네이버 미소장
23 Moral Foundations Theory: The Pragmatic Validity of Moral Pluralism 네이버 미소장
24 Liberals and conservatives rely on different sets of moral foundations. 네이버 미소장
25 Mapping the moral domain. 네이버 미소장
26 Graham J, Haidt J, Motyl M, Meindl P, Iskiwitch C, Mooijman M. (2016). Moral Foundations Theory: On the advantages of moral pluralism over moral monism. In: Gray K, Graham J, eds. The Atlas of Moral Psychology: Mapping Good and Evil in the Mind. New York: Guilford Press. 미소장
27 Impure or Just Weird? Scenario Sampling Bias Raises Questions About the Foundation of Morality 네이버 미소장
28 The Moral Dyad: A Fundamental Template Unifying Moral Judgment 네이버 미소장
29 How (and where) does moral judgment work? 네이버 미소장
30 An fMRI Investigation of Emotional Engagement in Moral Judgment 네이버 미소장
31 The emotional dog and its rational tail: a social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. 네이버 미소장
32 The New Synthesis in Moral Psychology 네이버 미소장
33 Morality 네이버 미소장
34 Haidt, J. (2012). The righteous mind: Why good people are divided by politics and religion. Vintage. 미소장
35 Affect, culture, and morality, or is it wrong to eat your dog? 네이버 미소장
36 The role of emotion in moral psychology 네이버 미소장
37 The Moral-Conventional Distinction in Mature Moral Competence 네이버 미소장
38 Kagan, J. (1984). The nature of the child. Basic Books. 미소장
39 Harm, Affect, and the Moral/Conventional Distinction 네이버 미소장
40 Defendant-Juror Similarity and Mock Juror Judgments 네이버 미소장
41 Killen, M., Smetana, J. G., & Smetana, J. (2006). Social–cognitive domain theory: Consistencies and variations in children's moral and social judgments. In Handbook of moral development (pp. 137-172). Psychology Press. 미소장
42 Does children’s moral compass waver under social pressure? Using the conformity paradigm to test preschoolers’ moral and social-conventional judgments 네이버 미소장
43 Kohlberg, L. (1969). Stage and sequence: The cognitive-developmental approach to socialization. In D. A. Goslin (Ed.), Handbook of socialization theory and research. Chicago: Rand McNally. 미소장
44 Moral/Non-Moral Domain Shift in Young Adolescents in Relation to Delinquent Behaviour 네이버 미소장
45 Imaginative resistance and the moral/conventional distinction 네이버 미소장
46 The “Black Sheep Effect”: Extremity of judgments towards ingroup members as a function of group identification 네이버 미소장
47 Moll, J., & de Oliveira-Souza, R. (2007). Moral judgments, emotions and the utilitarian brain. Trends in cognitive sciences, 11(8), 319-321. 미소장
48 Nichols, S. (2002). Norms with feeling: Towards a psychological account of moral judgment. Cognition, 84(2), 221-236. 미소장
49 Nichols, S. (2004). Sentimental rules: On the natural foundations of moral judgment. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 미소장
50 Nichols, S., & Folds-Bennett, T. (2003). Are children moral objectivists? Children's judgments about moral and response-dependent properties. Cognition, 90(2), B23-B32. 미소장
51 Conceptions of Personal Issues: A Domain Distinct from Moral or Societal Concepts 네이버 미소장
52 Social Interactions and the Development of Social Concepts in Preschool Children 네이버 미소장
53 Nussbaum, M. C. (2005). Emotions and the origins of morality. In Advances in Psychology (Vol. 137, pp. 61-117). North-Holland. 미소장
54 Unfairness, Anger, and Spite: Emotional Rejections of Ultimatum Offers 네이버 미소장
55 The emotional basis of moral judgments 네이버 미소장
56 Prinz, J. (2007). The emotional construction of morals. Oxford University Press. 미소장
57 Prinz, J. J., & Nichols, S. (2010). Moral emotions. In The moral psychology handbook. Oxford University Press. 미소장
58 Confounds in moral/conventional studies 네이버 미소장
59 The case of the drunken sailor: On the generalisable wrongness of harmful transgressions 네이버 미소장
60 “You make me sick”: Moral dyspepsia as a reaction to third-party sibling incest 네이버 미소장
61 Unsentimental ethics: Towards a content-specific account of the moral–conventional distinction 네이버 미소장
62 The Unifying Moral Dyad 네이버 미소장
63 Disgust as Embodied Moral Judgment 네이버 미소장
64 Young children enforce social norms selectively depending on the violator’s group affiliation 네이버 미소장
65 Young Children Enforce Social Norms 네이버 미소장
66 Shinada, M., Yamagishi, T., & Ohmura, Y. (2004). False friends are worse than bitter enemies: “Altruistic” punishment of in-group members. Evolution and Human Behavior, 25(6), 379-393. 미소장
67 Social-cognitive development: Domain distinctions and coordinations 네이버 미소장
68 Smetana, J. G. (1995). Morality in context: Abstractions, ambiguities and applications. 미소장
69 Korean children's conceptions of moral and conventional transgressions. 네이버 미소장
70 Stich, S., Fessler, D. M., & Kelly, D. (2009). On the morality of harm: A response to Sousa, Holbrook and Piazza. Cognition, 113(1), 93-97. 미소장
71 Tisak, M. (1995). Domains of social reasoning and beyond. Annals of child development, 11(1), 95-130. 미소장
72 Variation in seriousness of transgressions and children's moral and conventional concepts. 네이버 미소장
73 Tomasello, M. (2009). Why we cooperate. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 미소장
74 Origins of human cooperation and morality. 네이버 미소장
75 Construal-level theory of psychological distance. 네이버 미소장
76 Turiel, E. (1983). The development of social knowledge: Morality and convention. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 미소장
77 The Development of Children's Orientations toward Moral, Social, and Personal Orders: More than a Sequence in Development 네이버 미소장
78 Turiel, E. (2010). The development of morality. The Handbook of Life-Span Development. 미소장
79 The role of emotions for moral judgments depends on the type of emotion and moral scenario. 네이버 미소장
80 Hypnotic Disgust Makes Moral Judgments More Severe 네이버 미소장
81 Wilson Edward, O. (1975). Sociobiology: the new synthesis. Cambridge: The Belknap Pr. of Harvard Univ. Pr, 8. 미소장