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Before modern times, disasters in China were dominated by the theory of Heaven's warning. Interaction between Heaven and Man has dominated the Chinese's perception of disaster for thousands of years. However, with the spread of Western scientific thoughts after modern times, disasters began to be recognized scientifically and objectively.

During the time of the Republic of China, disasters were no longer recognized as the calamities of nature. It was recognized as a man-made disaster caused by China's backwardness and the incompetence of the Nationalist government. Typhoons, floods, droughts, and famine have become targets that can be prevented and overcome with the development of science and technology. In the modern nation-state, the roles and responsibilities of the state have been maximized. Therefore, disasters were also subject to the management of the state.

Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, China has set the goal of developing an underdeveloped society into an advanced socialist society through industrial development. With the aim of building a socialist state, the perception of disaster has also changed. Socialist perception of disaster was replaced by ideological perception instead of scientific and objective analysis. After 1949, the CCP's responsibility was circumvented by transferring responsibility for the disaster due to the mistakes and incompetence of the Nationalist government. Disaster should not have occurred under the control of the CCP. In the event of a disaster, the only disaster relief measure was to overcome the disaster with a revolutionary spirit. This was not significantly different from the traditional shamanistic re-transfer.

After the reform and opening up, China has set the goal of national construction to develop productive forces through economic development. As China's development strategy changed, so did the perception and response to disasters. First, it was the state's active response to disasters. Second, it was thoroughly recognized by the Chinese that the means to respond to disasters were not superstition, but hygiene and science. With China's economic development, the disaster was no longer perceived as due to the incompetence of the Chinese government. The Sichuan earthquake of 12 May 2008 amplified doubts about the ability to host the Beijing Olympics, which is about three months ahead. However, the Chinese government has proved China's ability to manage crises by effectively addressing this. The Chinese government showed off China's capabilities through disaster relief and used it as a symbol of Chinese national unity.

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기사명 저자명 페이지 원문 목차
情理·義理·法理 : 정리(情理)·의리(義理)·법리(法理) : 순자(荀子) 법철학(法哲學)의 기본 관념 체계 / 荀子法哲學的基本觀念結構 張應平 p. 1-27

近代 以後 中國 災難 認識의 變化 = Changes in China's perception of disasters since modern times 朴正鉉 p. 131-161

災害, 民眾與農民起義 : 재해, 민중 그리고 농민기의 : 태평천국 흥기에 관한 재연구 / 太平天國運動興起再研究 王志通 p. 107-130

從朝天錄看壬辰倭亂背景下的明朝吏治問題 = 조천록(朝天錄)을 통해 본 임진왜란 배경하의 명조(明朝) 이치(吏治) 문제 劉安琪 p. 85-106

地方動議與中央決策 : 지방의 의견과 중앙의 정책 결정 : 명대(明代) 대계고어(大計考語)를 중심으로 / 以明代大計考語為中心 余勁東 p. 65-83

法律史視閾下的西漢酷吏研究 = 법률사 관점에서의 전한(前漢) 시기 혹리(酷吏) 연구 田純才 p. 29-63

참고문헌 (24건) : 자료제공( 네이버학술정보 )

참고문헌 목록에 대한 테이블로 번호, 참고문헌, 국회도서관 소장유무로 구성되어 있습니다.
번호 참고문헌 국회도서관 소장유무
1 『申報』 1931. 미소장
2 『人民日報』 1950, 1954, 1956, 1960, 1976, 1978, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2011. 미소장
3 謝蒨茂 編, 『一九三一年漢口大水記』 (張硏ㆍ孫燕京 主編, 『民國史料叢刊』 741, 大象出版社, 2009) 미소장
4 李文海 等, 『近代中國災荒紀年』 (湖南人民出版社, 1990) 미소장
5 李文海 等, 『近代中國災荒紀年續編』 (湖南敎育出版社, 1993) 미소장
6 李文海 等, 『災荒與饑饉: 1840-1919』 (高等敎育出版社, 1991) 미소장
7 李文海 等, 『中國近代十代災荒』 (上海人民出版社, 1994) 미소장
8 邱国珍, 『三千年天灾』 (江西高敎出版社, 1998) 미소장
9 鄧雲特, 『中國救荒史』 (商務印書館, 1993) 미소장
10 王振忠, 『近600年來自然災害與福州社會』 (福建人民出版社, 1996) 미소장
11 張建民ㆍ宋儉, 『災害歷史學』 (湖南人民出版社, 1998) 미소장
12 康沛竹, 『災荒與晩淸政治』 (北京大學出版社, 2002) 미소장
13 박경석, ｢南京國民政府 救災行政體系의 近代的 變貌 – 國民政府救濟水災委員會를 中心으로 1931-1932-｣ (연세대학교 박사학위 논문, 2002) 미소장
14 祝可楨, ｢論祈雨禁屠與旱災｣ (『東方雜誌』 23-13, 1926) 미소장
15 達生, ｢災荒打擊下底農村｣ (『東方雜誌』 31-21, 1934) 미소장
16 毛澤東, ｢中國共産黨第八次全國代表大會開幕詞｣ (1956. 9. 15), 자료내원: 中国共产党新闻网 资料中心 (http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/64162/64168/64560/index.html). 미소장
17 孫湘云, ｢天人感應的災異觀與中國古代救災措施｣ (『中國典籍與文化』 2000-3) 미소장
18 閻永增ㆍ池子華, ｢近十年來中國近代災荒史硏究綜述｣ (『唐山師範學院學報』 23-1, 2001.1) 미소장
19 夏明方, ｢略論洋務派對傳統災異觀的批判與利用｣ (中州學刊 2002-1) 미소장
20 蘇全有ㆍ閆喜琴, ｢20年來近代華北災荒史硏究述評｣ (『南通航運職業技術學院學報』, 4-2, 2005.6) 미소장
21 胡連利ㆍ李瑞豊, ｢傳統災異觀視角下我國地震報道解讀｣ (『靑年記者』, 2014.10月下) 미소장
22 胡鞍鋼, ｢正確認識我國自然災害基本國情｣ (『中國減災』, 2017.1月上) 미소장
23 易德生, ｢天譴災異與天道自然-兩大傳統災異觀的形成及其所體現的防治方法｣ (『社會科學動態』, 2017.11) 미소장
24 박정현, ｢천안문사태 이후 중국 발전주의 담론의 목표와 志向｣ (『중국근현대사연구』 83, 2019.9) 미소장

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