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Title page
Contents
Executive Summary 3
Introduction 4
Do Teaching Capacity Gaps Exist? 6
Enrollments Surge 8
Access Restrictions 10
Concerns Among Academics 12
Summary 13
The Causes of Teaching Capacity Gaps 14
Hypothesis #1: Private-Sector Poaching of Professors 14
Hypothesis #2: Limited Inflow from PhD Graduates 16
Hypothesis #3: Universities' Slow Response to Booming Enrollment 19
Summary 22
The Costs of Teaching Capacity Gaps 23
Consequences for Students 23
Consequences for Research 25
Consequences for National Security and the Economy 26
Policy Issues and Options 27
Increasing Funding for Education and Research 27
Encouraging Companies to Support University Teaching 30
Facilitating Access to Government Data and Computational Power 31
Other Policy Areas 32
Conclusion 34
Acknowledgments 35
Appendix A: Open Questions and Future Research 36
Appendix B: CRA Taulbee Survey 39
Appendix C: A Brief History of CS Enrollment Booms and Teaching Capacity 40
Appendix D: Data Tables 42
Endnotes 47
Table 1. Number of Full-Time, Tenure-Track CS Faculty at U.S. Universities by Publication Activity 8
Table 2. Number of Enrollments and Faculty at Computer Science Departments That Responded to the Taulbee Survey 42
Table 3. Reasons Cited by University Departments for Faculty Departures, 2003-2020 43
Table 4. Share of U.S. CS PhD Graduates Going into Academia and Industry, 1999-2019 44
Table 5. Success Rate of CS Faculty Searches, 2006-2020 46
Figure 1. Enrollment and Faculty Numbers for CS Departments in the Taulbee Survey, 2011-2020 9
Figure 2. Measures Implemented or under Consideration at PhD-Granting CS Departments 11
Figure 3. Issues Reported by PhD-Granting CS Departments in the United States 12
Figure 4. Reasons Cited by University Departments for Faculty Departures, 2003-2020 15
Figure 5. Number of CS PhD Graduates by Post-graduation Employment Sector, 1995-2020 17
Figure 6. Career Interests among CS PhD Students Specializing in AI 19
Figure 7. Success Rate of CS Faculty Searches, 2006-2020 20
Figure 8. Change in Average CS Enrollments and Faculty Size, 2011-2020 24
Figure 9. Number of CS Bachelor's Graduates, 1971-2020 40
Boxes
Box 1. Difficulties Defining and Measuring "AI Faculty" 7
Box 2. Funding Instruction versus Funding Research 28
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