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Title page

Contents

Acknowledgements 4

Abbreviations and acronyms 7

Executive summary 9

1. Introduction, context and policy lessons 11

The global clean energy financing gap 12

Scope of the guidance 15

Policy lessons 16

2. Revisiting the OECD DAC blended finance principles for clean energy 22

Sub-principle 2.A: Ensure additionality for crowding in commercial finance 24

Sub-principle 2.B: Seek leverage based on context and conditions 28

Sub-principle 2.C: Deploy blended finance to address market failures, while minimising the use of concessionality 30

Sub-principle 2.D: Focus on commercial sustainability 34

3. Clean energy sub-sector specific considerations for blended finance 36

Off-grid clean energy systems 37

Energy efficiency 44

Utility-scale renewables 53

Other clean energy and integration 60

Annex A. Case studies 66

Pro Mini-Grids Programme, Uganda - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) 66

Energy Efficiency and Conservation Financing Promotion Project, Bangladesh - Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) 69

Regional Energy Efficiency Programme (REEP), Western Balkans - European Bank for Reconstruction and Development 70

Energy Savings Insurance Program, Colombia - Inter-American Development Bank 74

Scatec, MIGA and EBRD Green Project Bond in Benban Solar Park, Egypt 77

Mobilising Institutional Capital Through Listed Product Structures (MOBILIST), ThomasLloyd Energy Impact Trust - UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office 80

References 85

Tables

Table 3.1. Indicators to support decisions on exiting blended finance interventions in off-grid and mini-grid systems 43

Table 3.2. Indicators to monitor and evaluate development impacts from blended finance interventions to support off-grid and mini-grid systems 43

Table 3.3. Indicators to support decisions on exiting blended finance interventions in energy efficiency 50

Table 3.4. Indicators to monitor and evaluate development impacts from blended finance interventions to support energy efficiency 51

Table 3.5. Indicators to support decisions on exiting blended finance interventions in utility-scale renewables 59

Table 3.6. Indicators to monitor and evaluate development impacts from blended finance interventions to support utility scale renewables 60

Table 3.7. Indicators to support decisions on exiting blended finance interventions in other clean energy technologies and integration 64

Table 3.8. Indicators to monitor and evaluate development impacts from blended finance interventions for other clean energy technologies 65

Figures

Figure 1.1. Emerging and Developing Economy (EDE) clean energy financing needs 12

Figure 1.2. Global clean energy investment trends 13

Figure 1.3. Sectoral split of climate finance provided and mobilised 13

Figure 1.4. Commercial finance mobilised towards renewable energy investment 14

Figure 1.5. Typical capital structure of clean energy investments in emerging and developing economies and advanced economies 15

Figure 1.6. The clean energy policy and investment ecosystem 20

Figure 2.1. The OECD DAC Blended Finance Principles 22

Figure 2.2. The bankability frontier 35

Figure 3.1. Step-by-step approach to implementing OECD DAC Blended Finance Principle 2 36

Figure 3.2. Visualising securitisation 39

Boxes

Box 1.1. Spotlight: Just Energy Transition Partnership, South Africa 21

Box 2.1. Spotlight: Energy Transition Mechanism 27

Box 2.2. Spotlight: Energy and SDG 5 - Gender Equality and Women's Economic Empowerment 28

Box 3.1. Pro Mini-Grids Programme, Uganda - GIZ 40

Box 3.2. Spotlight: Blended Finance and Risk Mitigation Facility for Solar in Africa - International Solar Alliance (ISA) 42

Box 3.3. Energy Efficiency and Conservation Financing Promotion Project, Bangladesh - JICA 47

Box 3.4. Regional Energy Efficiency Programme (REEP), Western Balkans - EBRD 49

Box 3.5. Energy Savings Insurance Program, Colombia - Inter-American Development Bank 52

Box 3.6. Scatec, MIGA and EBRD Green Project Bond, Benban Solar Park, Egypt 56

Box 3.7. MOBILIST, ThomasLloyd Energy Impact Trust - UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office 58

Annex Tables

Table A.A.1. ThomasLloyd Energy Impact Trust development impact assessment 81

Table A.A.2. Market failures, risks, and barriers to commercial investment and mitigations 83

Table A.A.3. Investment terms 83

Annex Figures

Figure A.A.1. CAPEX financing structure of the Pro Mini-Grids programme 68

Figure A.A.2. Project components 73

Figure A.A.3. Project structure 76

Figure A.A.4. Scatec, MIGA, and EBRD Green Project Bond - project structure 78

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