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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

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Title page 1

Contents 1

Executive summary 1

1. Introduction 2

2. Europe's rearmament conundrum 3

3. Obstacles to greater European defence cooperation 7

4. EU-level efforts to improve European defence capabilities 9

4.1. Supply-side policies 9

4.2. Procurement coordination 10

4.3. Loosening fiscal constraints 11

4.4. Appraisal 12

5. Two ways forward 12

5.1. Incremental progress: expanding current institutions 12

5.2. The transformational solution: a European Defence Mechanism (EDM) 14

6. Conclusion 17

References 18

Tables 5

Table 1. Number of models of main military equipment donated to Ukraine 5

Table 2. Time horizons for the development and production of weapon systems 5

Table 3. Overview of EU defence funding mechanisms 10

Figures 7

Figure 1. Self-propelled howitzer costs per unit and production annual capacity 7

Figure 2. Defence expenditure in 2024 and capital city distance to Moscow, European NATO countries 8

Boxes 4

Box 1. The European arms industry 4