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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

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Title page 1

Contents 5

Acknowledgments 4

Executive summary 7

1. Introduction 9

The QuIS database 11

2. Overall trends in industrial policy support 13

3. The size of industrial policy support across countries 17

4. The main targets of industrial policy support 20

Industrial policy priorities vary considerably across countries and change over time 21

The importance of sectoral grants and tax expenditures has decreased while schemes supporting overall investment, the green transition and R&D have become more prevalent 22

The relative importance of financial instruments targeting SMEs has decreased 24

Energy cost support is important and mostly implemented through tax exemptions, which are generally horizontal or targeted to either transport or manufacturing 26

Green support increased between 2019 and 2022 driven by horizontal schemes, while programmes targeted to the energy sector decreased 27

Support to the energy sector decreased between 2019 and 2022 28

Regional support is small but growing, and is important in some countries 29

Endnotes 31

References 32

Annex A 33

Tables 6

Table 1. Structural industrial policy instruments (excluding COVID-19 emergency support) by country and instrument type 11

Table 2. Structural industrial policy instruments (excluding COVID-19 emergency support) by country and target 12

Table 3. Top three targets by country in 2022 and 2019, industrial policy grants and tax expenditures 21

Figures 5

Figure 1. QuIS Data Categorisation 10

Figure 2. There are variations in industrial policy instrument deployment across QuIS economies 12

Figure 3. Structural industrial policy support 2019-22 13

Figure 4. Dynamics of structural grants and tax expenditures instruments 14

Figure 5. Dynamics of structural financial instruments 15

Figure 6. COVID-19 emergency support over time 16

Figure 7. Grants and tax expenditures across countries by type, 2019 and 2022 18

Figure 8. Financial instruments across countries by type, excluding export finance, 2019 and 2022 19

Figure 9. Grants and tax expenditures and financial instruments (excluding export finance) by target 20

Figure 10. Grants and tax expenditures by target, 2019-22 22

Figure 11. Financial instruments (excluding export finance) by target, 2019-22 25

Figure 12. Grants and tax expenditures for energy cost support by sector and country 26

Figure 13. Green grants and tax expenditures by sector, 2019 and 2022 27

Figure 14. Sectoral grants and tax expenditures by sector and instrument type, 2019-22 29

Figure 15. Regional support through grants and tax expenditures and financial instruments 30

Boxes 9

Box 1. QuIS methodology 9

Annex Figures 33

Figure A 0.1. Export finance instruments across countries by type, 2019 and 2022 33