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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

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Title page 1

Contents 1

Abstract 1

Introduction 2

1. CRMs security considerations 4

2. The European response: The CRM Act 11

2.1. The domestic dimension 13

2.2. International dimension 14

2.3. Italy's response 16

3. Assessing EU de-risking strategy: Way forward 18

Conclusions and policy recommendations 22

References 24

Tables 12

Table 1. EU material demand forecast examples, high demand scenario, compared with 2020 level 12

Table 2. List of strategic (bold) and critical raw materials according to the EU CRM Act 13

Figures 5

Figure 1. Largest producers of cobalt, lithium and REEs in 2023 5

Figure 2. Geographical concentration of mining 6

Figure 3. Geographical concentration of refining 6

Figure 4. Critical minerals prices, 2021-2024 9

Figure 5. World map of the main CRM suppliers to the EU (2023) 12

Figure 6. Strategic partnerships signed by the EU 15