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Title page 1

Contents 4

Acknowledgements 2

Executive Summary 3

1.0. Background 5

1.1. About This Paper 5

2.0. Adaptation Technology Transfer in Climate Policy 7

2.1. Defining Adaptation Technology 7

2.2. Technology Transfer Under the UNFCCC 9

2.3. Trade as a Driver of Adaptation Technology Transfer 12

3.0. Adaptation Technology Transfer in Trade Policy 14

3.1. Technology Transfer Under the WTO 14

3.2. Technology Transfer and Adaptation in Free Trade Agreements 17

4.0. Country Perspectives on Technology Transfer and Trade for Adaptation 20

4.1. Adaptation Technology Needs 20

4.2. Barriers to Adaptation Technologies and the Role of Trade 21

5.0. Lessons 25

6.0. Opportunities and Recommendations 27

6.1. Knowledge Gaps and Further Research Opportunities 28

References 29

Appendix A. References to trade in Small Island Developing States' TNA BAEF reports 36

Tables 4

Table 1. Global climate policy milestones in the context of adaptation technology transfer 10

Table 2. Global trade policy milestones in the context of adaptation technology transfer 14

Table 3. Examples of environmental goods from the ACCTS 18

Table 4. The role of trade in different categories of barriers to technology access 23

Boxes 4

Box 1. WIPO Green and adaptation technologies 8

Box 2. Example of Fiji's TNA 2020 21

Appendix Tables 4

Table A1. References to trade in Small Island Developing States' TNA BAEF reports (year of submission) 36