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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

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Title page 1

Contents 1

Abstract 1

Introduction 2

1. The proliferation of sanctions: When, how often and what types? 3

2. The response from China and Russia 7

3. The impact on the global financial system 10

Conclusions 15

References 17

Figures 4

Figure 1. Number of sanctions imposed (1950-2023) 4

Figure 2. Type of sanctions in force 6

Figure 3. Who holds Russia's central bank reserves? 12

Figure 4. Share of the US dollar as reserve currency 12

초록보기

The proliferation of sanction regimes has reshaped international relations and the global financial landscape. The United Nations rediscovered sanctions with the end of the Cold War and both the United States and the European Union have increasingly resorted to them ever since. Recently, other states such as Russia and China have also started to develop sanctioning policies, including retaliatory sanctions, while striving to set up alternative financial infrastructures to mitigate the impact of Western sanctions. The consequences of the evolving sanction regimes and the related countermeasures extend beyond their immediate targets, significantly influencing the global financial system. The interaction between sanctioned nations and their allies creates complex trade networks, often diluting the intended impact of sanctions and leading to unexpected ramifications for both sanctioning and sanctioned countries.