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Title page 1

Contents 3

Acknowledgements 4

Abbreviations and acronyms used throughout this report series 6

1. Objectives of the Malaysian Plastic Circularity Series 7

2. Approach and methodology 8

3. Current global situation 10

4. Current situation in Malaysia 17

5. Overview of opportunities 21

Tables 18

Table 1. Top importers of HS 3915 plastic waste globally, 2019 to 2023 18

Table 2. Selected examples of best practices in designing plastic products for recycling (non-exhaustive) 22

Table 3. Selected examples of initiatives or organizations for design-for-recycling guidelines 22

Table 4. Summary of opportunities in the Malaysian Plastic Circularity Series 23

Figures 8

Figure 1. Malaysian plastic waste value chain 8

Figure 2. Social, environmental, and economic consequences of plastic waste trade 10

Figure 3. Comparison of the climate impact of different plastics, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), production options 12

Figure 4. Plastic usage across sectors by resin type, 2022 13

Figure 5. Overview of plastic reduction strategies 14

Figure 6. Example of initiatives in reuse and refill systems 16

Figure 7/Figure 8. Top exporters of HS 3915 to Malaysia, 2019 to 2023 18

Figure 8/Figure 9. Breakdown of plastic consumption by revenue and sector in Malaysia, 2023 19

Figure 9/Figure 10. National targets for plastics sustainability in Malaysia 20

Figure 10/Figure 11. Selected examples of collection and aggregation channels by sector in Malaysia, 2023 22

Boxes 11

Box 1. EUROPEAN UNION WASTE SHIPMENTS ACT 2024/1157 11

Box 2. OPEN-LOOP VS CLOSED-LOOP RECYCLING 12

Box 3. LIGHTWEIGHTING ON COCA-COLA PRODUCTS 15

Box 4. LABEL-FREE DRINK BY MASTER KONG 15

Box 5. FREE THE SEED - BIODEGRADABLE PACKAGING FROM RICE STRAW IN MALAYSIA 15