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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

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Title page 1

Contents 1

Abstract 2

1. Introduction 4

2. Conceptual Framework: The Kuznets Environment Curve and Structural Transformation 7

3. Data and Descriptive Statistics: Patterns of Structural Transformation and Emissions Intensity 9

4. Empirical Strategy 12

5. Results 13

a. Baseline specification 13

b. Heterogeneous effects 15

c. Robustness checks 18

6. Extension: Carbon Intensities within Sectors 21

a. Convergence in emissions intensity across countries 21

b. Counterfactual scenarios 22

c. Direct and indirect emission intensities 23

7. Conclusion 24

References 26

Tables 14

Table 1. Baseline regressions 14

Table 2. Income groups 17

Table 3. Robustness checks 19

Table 4. Income groups (historical income group classification) 20

Table 5. Convergence in the intensity of direct carbon emission across countries 22

Table 6. Intensity of carbon emission across country groups 24

Figures 8

Figure 1. Intensity of carbon emissions, by country-sector pair, 1995-2018 8

Figure 2. Intensity of carbon emissions and employment share, by sector, 1995-2018 9

Figure 3. Carbon emissions per GDP, 1995 and 2017 9

Figure 4. Sectoral shares of employment, 1995 and 2017 10

Figure 5. Overall emissions intensity and the share of manufacturing employment, 1961-2017 11

Figure 6. Overall emissions intensity and the share of services employment, 1961-2017 11

Figure 7. Marginal effects of sectoral employment shares on the overall emissions intensity 15

Figure 8. Marginal effects of sectoral employment shares on the overall emissions intensity, high-income countries versus developing economies 17

Figure 9. Counterfactual scenarios of emissions intensities with cleaner technologies 23

Figure 10. Direct and indirect carbon emissions intensities, advanced versus developing economies 24