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Title page 1

Contents 2

KEY TAKEAWAYS 1

INTRODUCTION 2

IMPORTANCE OF R&D 4

CUTS TO FEDERALLY FUNDED RESEARCH 6

R&D Expenditure Shortfall 7

HOW FEDERAL R&D GROWS THE ECONOMY 9

Effects on GDP and Tax Revenue 9

Implications on U.S. Competitiveness 11

CONCLUSION 11

APPENDIX: METHODOLOGY 12

ENDNOTES 14

Tables 6

Table 1. Proposed 2026 R&D budgets for research-intensive agencies 6

Table 2. Annual R&D investment by benchmark (2024 dollars) 13

Figures 3

Figure 1. Cumulative reduction in federal R&D spending 10 years after a 20 percent cut (2024 dollars) 3

Figure 2. Cumulative reduction in U.S. GDP 10 years after a 20 percent R&D spending cut (2024 dollars) 3

Figure 3. Cumulative reduction in tax revenue 10 years after a 20 percent R&D spending cut (2024 dollars) 3

Figure 4. 20 percent cut to federal R&D vs. three benchmarks of federal R&D (2024 dollars) 7

Figure 5. Projected annual R&D investment shortfalls (2024 dollars) 8

Figure 6. Cumulative reduction of GDP after one-time 20 percent R&D cut to federal R&D in 2026 (2024 dollars) 9

Figure 7. Cumulative reduction of tax revenue after one-time 20 percent R&D cut in 2026 (2024 dollars) 9

Figure 8. Cumulative reduction in GDP due to a 20 percent cut to federal R&D (2024 dollars) 10