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국회도서관 홈으로 정보검색 소장정보 검색

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동의어 포함

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Title page 1

Contents 1

Abstract 2

1. Introduction 4

2. Literature Review and Country Context 6

3. Methodology and Data 9

3.1. Data 9

3.2. Empirical Strategy 12

4. Empirical Results 14

4.1. Baseline Regressions 14

4.2. Non-Linear Effects and Inverted U-Shape 15

4.3. Sectoral and Firm Heterogeneity 18

4.4. Robustness Checks 19

5. Policy Discussion 21

6. Conclusion 22

References 24

7. Annex 27

Tables 8

Table 1. Average Commute Duration (min) by District 8

Table 2. Summary Statistics 11

Table 3. Estimation of Agglomeration Impacts on Firm Productivity 15

Table 4. Fixed-Effects Estimation of Agglomeration Impacts on Firm Productivity by Sector 19

Figures 5

Figure 1. Labor Productivity in Ulaanbaatar 5

Figure 2. Population distribution and urban services in Ulaanbaatar's core districts 9

Figure 3. Localization and Urbanization correlation with TFP estimation 11

Figure 4. Inverted U-shaped Curve of Over-Agglomeration 17

Annex Tables 27

Table A1. Fixed-Effects Estimation of Agglomeration Impacts on Firm Productivity by Firm Size 27

Table A2. Robustness Check: Alternative Agglomeration Measures (Firm Counts) 27

Table A3. Robustness Check: Dependent Variable as Labor Productivity 28

Table A4. Robustness Check: Urbanization and Localization as Distance-Based Metrics 28